Aim of the studyFallopian tube cancer is very rare in the literature and so there are not enough data about the therapeutic approaches. The approaches are generally determined in accordance with the data obtained from ovarian cancer. Many prognostic factors have been investigated in an effort to better estimate patient outcome. Stage, age, and residual tumor after surgery are consistently important prognostic factors. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the prognostic factors and survival rates of primary fallopian tube cancer (PFTC), which is rare among gynecological cancers.Material and methodsThirty-eight patients with a diagnosis of PFTC were identified through the gynecologic oncology service database of our Research and Training Hospital in the period 1995–2013. Clinicopathological and surgical data were collected. All patients were evaluated for survival and disease-free survival between the dates specified.ResultsA significant relationship and correlation was found between optimal surgery and life expectancy. Better results were obtained in patients treated with optimal surgery. The survival probability was found to be higher in patients with lower CA-125 levels and serous histologic type adenocarcinoma.ConclusionsStage is one of the factors affecting the survival probability. We determined that the pathological type of tumor, the diameter of residual tumor remaining after surgery, tumor grade, preoperative CA-125 levels and presence of ascites affect the survival probability.

No abstract

Aim of the studyThe present study aims to estimate the prevalence and distribution of HPV genotypes and identify related risk factors among Turkish women.Material and methods11 624 Turkish women attending our gynaecological clinic and expressing a desire for access to cervical cancer screening were assessed during the years 2014–2016. Cervical specimens were collected and transported using the HC2 HPV DNA Collection Device (consisting of a cervical brush and digene Specimen Transport Medium).ResultsAmong these 11 624 individuals, positive HPV test results were obtained for 325 (2.79%), and negative results were observed for 11 299 (97.2%). The vast majority of patients were between the 3rd and 5th decades and the mean age of the patients was 44 ±9.12 (range 27–66). Among the HPV-positive women, 205 were positive for a single HPV type (205/325 = 63.1% of HPV infections; 205/11624 = 1.76% of all samples) and 120 were positive for multiple types (120/325 = 36.9% of HPV infections; 120/11624 = 1.03% of all samples). The four most prevalent high-risk types were HPV 16, 31, 51 and 52, with frequencies of 11.25%, 7.83%, 6.06% and 3.16%, respectively.ConclusionsThere appears to be geographic variation in the distribution of HPV genotypes. In this study, the four most prevalent high-risk types were HPV 16, 31, 51 and 52, with frequencies of 11.25%, 7.83%, 6.06% and 3.16%, respectively.

The anti-cancer drugs, particularly those used in reproductive period, may cause several complications such as ovarian insufficiency and infertility. The mechanism of action of cisplatin toxicity on the ovaries is not fully described. However, further production of free oxygen radicals and reduced production of antioxidants are thought to have an effect on the occurrence of cisplatin toxicity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of lycopene on cisplatin-induced ovarydamage, oxidative stres and histological changes in rats. Albino Wistar female rats were randomly divided into three groups. The control group (Group 1) received sunflower oil; animals in Group 2 received only cisplatin; one hour of lycopene pre-treatment was applied to the animals in Group 3 before administration of cisplatin. Cisplatin (5 mg/kg/day) was intraperitoneally injected as a single dose and lycopene (0.5 mg/kg/day) was administered by gavage. Biochemical and histopathological methods were utilised for evaluation of the oxidative ovary-damage. There was an increase in the levels of malondialdehyde, while total glutathione, glutathione reductase, and superoxide dismutase were decreased in Group 3, but it is observed that these ratios are reversed in the Group 1 and in the Group 2. Lycopene had protective effect against cisplatin-induced ovary-damaged.

Objective:To establish a relationship between the Visual Analog Scale for pain (VAS) in the recovery time of epidural analgesia and the Perfusion Index (PI) values at that time and to test the possibility of using PI as an objective tool for pain assessment.Methods:Thirty women were included in the study. After inserting epidural catheter, the initial applicationtime of epidural analgesia was taken as 0th minute. Hemodinamics, VAS, and PIvalues were recorded at 5th, 10th, 30th, 60th minutes and every two hours until the birth and the 30th minute after the birth.Results:HR, SAP, DAP, PI, VAS values before the procedure were different than all follow-ups (p<0.001). A negative and significant correlation was found at 10th, 30th, 60th minutes and 2nd hour after drug administration from epidural catheter(rho:0.38; p:0.03, rho:0.47; p:0.009, rho:0.75; p<0.001, rho:0.46; p:0.009, respectively). As the pain decreased, the perfusion index increased. In 17 patients requiring additional doses, PI increased after the all medications, but a decrease was observed in the VAS values(p<0.05).Conclusions:In this study, it was determined that the pain decreased with epidural analgesia, perfusion index increased and the pain level increased significantly when the perfusion index started to decrease.

Introduction Premature rupture of the membranes (PROM) refers to rupture of the fetal membranes prior to the onset of regular uterine contractions. Premature rupture of the membranes continues to be one of the most vexing issues of obstetrics due to increased maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Many studies have focused on how management should be in these cases. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether dinoprostone (PGE 2 analogue) administration is necessary for cervical ripening and labor induction in term women with premature rupture of membranes (PROM) and to compare maternal and neonatal outcomes between oxytocin usage and dinoprostone usage in PROM. Material and methods A total of 224 nulliparous singleton pregnant women at term, with PROM ≥ 12 h, vertex presentations, no prior uterine surgery, reactive non-stress test and Bishop scores ≤ 6 (unfavorable cervixes) were reviewed. Participants were divided into two groups as oxytocin and dinoprostone groups. The primary outcome was vaginal delivery within 24 h. Results The women in the oxytocin group were significantly younger than in the dinoprostone group (22.85 ±4.10 years vs. 25.99 ±4.94 years; p = 0.001). There were significant differences in vaginal delivery rates within 24 h. It was 72 of 112 (64.3%) vs. 53 of 112 (47.3%), p = 0.023 for oxytocin and dinoprostone groups, respectively. Conclusions Vaginal dinoprostone appears to be a relatively inefficient method of inducing labor compared with oxytocin in term pregnancies with PROM and unfavorable cervixes. However, dinoprostone may maintain uterine contractions as effectively as oxytocin once uterine contractions are established.

<p><strong>Objective:</strong> Gestational diabetes mellitus is a common disorder of carbohydrate metabolism, with onset or first recognition during pregnancy, resulting in hyperglycemia of variable severity. Insulin resistance and chronic subclinical inflammation are the underlying mechanisms of the disease. Soluble interleukin-2 receptor, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio are the markers of inflammatory disease processes such as type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus, hepatitis, and neoplasms.</p><p><strong>Study Design:</strong> In our study, we measured complete blood count, serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor, serum glucose in blood samples from 52 women with gestational diabetes mellitus and 50 pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance. Pregnant women which were tested for oral glucose tolerance test (75 gr load) between 24 and 28 weeks of pregnancy were selected for the study. Gestational diabetes mellitus was defined according to the criteria provided by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. </p><p><strong>Results:</strong> In terms of age, gestational diabetes mellitus patients (mean±SD; 31±6 years) were older than controls (mean±SD; 25±5.3 years). Mean platelet volume values were lower in gestational diabetes mellitus patients (mean±SD; 10.3±1.4 fL) as compared to normal glucose tolerance group (mean±SD; 10.8±1fL). No statistically significant differences in serum glucose concentration, white blood cell count, neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, hemoglobin concentration, platelet count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio value, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio value, and serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor concentration were found.<br /><strong></strong></p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> This study did not reveal an increase in the inflammatory markers, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor, in gestational diabetes mellitus. The mean platelet volume values were observed to be lower in gestational diabetes mellitus patients.</p>

<b>Introduction</b> There is increasing evidence that vitamin D affects insulin and glucose metabolism, and a low vitamin D status is suspected to be a risk factor for impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance and so polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), but there is no evidence to suggest that there is a relationship between vitamin A, vitamin B<SUB>12</SUB>, vitamin C, folate, zinc (Zn) and PCOS in the literature. We aimed to investigate the levels of vitamins A, B<SUB>12</SUB>, C and D and zinc and the association between vitamins A, B<SUB>12</SUB>, C and D, folate and zinc level and hormonal-biochemical parameters in PCOS.<br /> <b>Material and methods: </b> We recruited 65 women with PCOS and 67 healthy individuals. Correlations between clinical and metabolic parameters and vitamins A, B<SUB>12</SUB>, C and D and zinc status were analyzed separately in patients and controls.<br /> <b>Results</b>: Women with PCOS showed a decreased serum level of vitamin A compared with the control group (p < 0.05), but they showed no differences in the levels of vitamin D, vitamin B<SUB>12</SUB>, vitamin C, folate or Zn (p > 0.05).<br /> <b>Conclusions</b>: Our study found no differences in the absolute levels of serum vitamins B<SUB>12</SUB>, C, D, folate or Zn between PCOS patients and matched controls, but the vitamin A level was lower in PCOS patients. Prevalence of vitamins A, B<SUB>12</SUB>, C and D and Zn insufficiency was equally common among both patients and controls.