Abstract-With the trend of increasing globalization, entrepreneurship has been receiving more attention from government and educational institutions. Changes in the uncertain world economy have resulted in fewer job opportunities for college graduates, and in response, the government has sought to develop creativity among students through entrepreneurial activities and programs. The question now is, Are the increasing trends of changes and demands for entrepreneurship education due to the impact of globalization? To answer this question, this study examined the impact of globalization on trends in the demand for business and entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial skills in Malaysia. Questionnaire data were obtained from 306 participants. The participants were randomly selected from the population of administrators in higher education institutions in Malaysia. Data were analyzed using the descriptive statistics method. The findings show that there is an increasing demand for entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial skills, indicating that globalization has influenced the demand for entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial skills among university graduates.

Entrepreneurship education can facilitate students’ competency development and enhance their self-employment potential. Students’ involvement in entrepreneurship is influenced by their emotions, especially in the early stages of business start-ups. Without exploiting potential business opportunities, entrepreneurship will not occur. This study aims to determine positive emotion effects on the relationship between entrepreneurship education and business opportunity exploitation. The study’s sample comprise of 152 final year university students. A questionnaire-based survey was the main instrument employed and the hypotheses developed were tested using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling. The findings show that the students’ action to exploit opportunities is significant, and is affected by the exposure to entrepreneurial learning and anticipated effect of positive emotion on entrepreneurship. This finding confirms that anticipated positive emotions are important throughout the entrepreneurial process and form a motivating factor to engage in entrepreneurial activities. Furthermore, the result shows that positive emotions partially mediate the relationship between entrepreneurship education and opportunity exploitation. This study is important for students to experience a paradigm shift towards entrepreneurship and to encourage them to select entrepreneurship as a career option. Future studies could explore the effect of anticipated negative emotions among tertiary education students, and potential entrepreneurs.

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of entrepreneurial emotion on relationship between entrepreneurship education and business opportunity recognition. Entrepreneurship process begins when an entrepreneur recognizes a business opportunity that involves various emotions throughout the process. Although various activities and entrepreneurship programs are carried out in universities, the involvements of students and graduates in business start-ups are still small. The main factor is the failure to leverage potential business opportunities, which in turn, leads to the stability of emotion’s reliance. A total of 152 of final year students participated in this study. The data were collected from questionnaires, and the hypotheses were tested using Partial Least Square - Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings indicated that entrepreneurship education, emotion and opportunity recognition were significantly related. It was also found that entrepreneurial emotion partially mediated the relationship between entrepreneurship education and opportunity recognition. The findings have confirmed that although entrepreneurship education helps improve students’ capabilities to adapt to new environments, and recognizes the potential of business opportunities, a stable emotion is crucial throughout the entire entrepreneurship process.

This study investigates the moderating effect of students’ programs on entrepreneurship education aimed at pre-start-up and its effect on the students’ behavior. This study also attempts the level of entrepreneurship education and pre-start-up behavior among students. A survey was carried out among 441 final year students, including 214 students from business programs, and 227 students from non-business programs. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS 22 and SmartPLS 3.3.0, to perform descriptive and multi-group analysis (MGA), including assessment of measurement invariance of the composite model (MICOM). The results reveal that all direct relationships were supported. It was also found that student programs do have a moderating effect on the relationship between entrepreneurship education and pre-start-up behavior. Furthermore, the results discovered that risk control is a crucial component of entrepreneurship education and should be highlighted in the curriculum. This study contributes to the literature by considering student programs as a moderator, a comparatively new factor in the pre-start-up behavior among university students at the tertiary level. Therefore, entrepreneurship education must be properly designed, and the co-curriculum must be properly organized, so that entrepreneurship will be the preferred career choice in the future.

This study aims to examine the relationship between entrepreneurial intentions and entrepreneurial career choice behavior among Malaysian university students. The sample consists of 469 students in their final year at several Malaysian research universities. A questionnaire was administered to these students to assess their entrepreneurial intentions and entrepreneurial career choice behavior. Finding showed that both entrepreneurial intention and entrepreneurial career choice behavior were at average levels among students. In addition, they indicated a positive significant relationship between entrepreneurial intention and entrepreneurial career choice behavior: higher intention to pursue an entrepreneurship career makes a person more likely to engage in entrepreneurial activities. These findings suggest that the Malaysian Ministry of Higher Education and government agencies in Malaysia should assess and identify the strengths and abilities of graduates before they are accepted into entrepreneurial training and programs. This will ensure that a high percentage of graduates actually become entrepreneurs, and thus will increase the efficiency of entrepreneurial training.

Many countries have invested in entrepreneurship education through programs and trainings especially in the Higher Learning Institutions (HLIs). This paper aims to systematically review the outcome of entrepreneurship education (EE) in the higher learning education by reviewing the latest ten-year published records in Southeast Asian countries. The study's primary source of data were research articles published from 2009 to 2018 in English written peer-reviewed journals on Web of Science and Scopus database. A total of 68 related articles were identified, and most of them were Malaysian articles, followed by the Indonesian's. A systematic review approach was applied, guided by the PRISMA Statement, whereby the current study showed the existence of the EE research trend, especially in higher learning institutions. Besides that, this study also shows the outcome of EE in sixth themes, entrepreneurial attitude, entrepreneurial skills and knowledge, entrepreneurial motivation, entrepreneurial competency, entrepreneurial intention, and business start-up. The outcome of entrepreneurship education could be seen more visibly whether it has a positive effect or otherwise, in developing the potential of students as entrepreneurs.

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Entrepreneurship education can emotionally impact students by instilling excitement, curiosity, and self-efficacy, influencing their decision-making when considering entrepreneurship as a career path. Emotions are essential in shaping student involvement in entrepreneurship, especially during the early stages of beginning a business. Thus, this study was aimed at determining the impact of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial emotions among university students in higher education institutions. Purposive sampling was employed, targeting final-year undergraduate students from Malaysian public universities. A survey was administered to 453 students in their final year of study. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS 22 for descriptive analysis and SmartPLS 3.3.0 for testing hypotheses. The results revealed that entrepreneurship education and negative entrepreneurial emotions were modest, whereas positive emotions were high. This finding confirmed that fear is the greatest obstacle for students wanting to become entrepreneurs. Through exposure to entrepreneurship education, students’ entrepreneurial abilities and emotions to venture into business were significantly heightened. This suggests that entrepreneurship education was advantageous as it inspired students toward entrepreneurship. The findings of this study implied that curriculum planning committees prudently design syllabi at the university to incorporate theoretical and practical aspects within the entrepreneurship education programme. The curriculum structure should also emphasize relevant and applicable practicality in the real world.