Titanium nanoparticles (TiNPs) have been synthesized due to its certain characteristics that are expected like non-toxic, eco-friendly, and bioactivity. In this study, the researchers used Banana Peels Extract (BPE) with titanium dioxide to prepare new nanoparticles which are never carried before. These nanoparticles were biologically synthesized using an aqueous solution of banana peel extract as a bioreductant. The novel TiNPs were successfully prepared and characterized using Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy (UV-VIS), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD), and examined its antimicrobial activity against several pathogenic bacteria as well as insecticidal agent against Musca domestica. The instrumental analysis confirms the presence of TiNPs with average diameter: 88.45 nm and volume 31.5 nm as resulted by AFM and XRD respectively, while the bioactivity exam to TiNPs shows inhibitory effect against several pathogenic bacteria, as well as it cause a high mortality percentage against three larval stages of house fly.
Reishi mushroom Ganoderma lucidum is commonly used in conventional medicine due to its high medicinal properties. Phytochemical screening of G. lucidum mushroom extract found to be flavonoids, glycosides, terpenoids, phenols, Carbohydrates. The current study was applied to demonstrate the In vitro cytotoxicity of ethanolic extract of G. lucidum mushroom against two human cell lines breast cancer cell line MCF-7 and human embryonic liver cell line WRL-68. The measured inhibitory concentration fifty(IC50) values were observed maximum dose responses (IC50) of WRL68 and MCF-7 at 2.0 µg/ml ethanolic mushroom concentration reported of 210.2% and 185.1% compared to the dose-response (IC50) of antidrug doxorubicin (control) at 2.0µg/ml ethanolic mushroom concentration counted to be 18.68. The highly cytotoxic activity of the extract on cell viability MCF-7 and WRL-68 were generally observed 100% and 97% at extract concentrations of 12.5 µg/ml and 25µg/ml respectively compared to antidrug was determined to be 94% cell viability at 6.25 µg/ml concentration.
Mushrooms are food traditionally consumed in Asia, Europe and America. They are being studied for medicinal benefits. Extensive studies have shown that Agaricus brasiliensis mushroom used as a medical productto combat cancers. Our data reveal that the determined inhibitory concentration fifty(IC50) values were observed maximum dose responses (IC50) of WRL68 andAsPC-1 cancer cells reported of 172.6 µg/ml and 158.2 µg/ml respectively at 2.23 and 2.1 µg/ml ethanolic mushroom concentrations. The highly cytotoxic activity of the extract on growth inhibition AsPC-1 and WRL68were generally observed 97.9% and 95% at extract concentrations of 25 µg/ml and 50µg/ml respectively. Finally, Phytochemical profile of Agaricus brasiliensis mushroom extract found to beflavonoids, glycosides, saponins, phenols,alkaloids, tannins.The extracts of Agaricus brasiliensiswas tested throughGas Chromatography-Mass(GC-MS). There were five different compounds analyzed from the extracts of Agaricus brasiliensis. The compounds in the ethanolic extract of A. brasiliensis mushroom were comprised mostly of Acetic acid ethyl ester(38.39%),followed by(3-Methyl-oxiran-2-yl)-methanol (34.71%), Chlorbromuron (22.86%), n-Hexadecanoic acid (3.85%) and Heptane, 1-(1-butenyloxy) (0.19%). However, no studies were done using Agaricus brasiliensismushroom extract against WRL68 and AsPC-1 human cell lines. Therefore, the anticancer efficiency of Agaricus brasiliensis mushroom on human embryonic liver WRL68 andhuman pancreatic AsPC-1 cancer cellstherapy is being reported for the first time in the current study.
Breast cancer is the most widely recognized and leading to global death incidences among women, traditional medications employ herbal sources in both prevention and dealing strategies of this lethal disease. It is well known that Patients suffering from cancer use plant derived therapy to complement or as alternatives for standard treatment .Strong anti-proliferative effects against cancer cell line by using Spirulina was explained previously by many researchers, thus, in current review authors elucidate the excite cellular mechanisms, involving with anti-proliferative effect of several constituents (phycocyanin, polysaccharides, flavonoids, resins, saponins and alkaloids) which have detected within this alga .these mechanisms include: inter action within the immune system, DNA repair, apoptosis induction as well as antioxidant property. The selection to focus on breast cancer treatment; is the widely spread of this type of cancer among Iraqi women through the last decades the current review give a possible and a promising insight of using this alga as a natural, cheap source in management of this lethal challenge.
In Penguin city of Sulaymaniyah Province-Iraq is known for their vegetarian richness and contained a wide variety of microorganisms which have not been recognized yet. Seven new fungal isolates were identified as Trichoderma reesei fungi via phenotypic and molecular process i.e ITS rDNA gene and then registered in the gene bank NCBI for the first time in Iraq.
The botanical gardens of Al-Mustansiriyah University are very rich, containing a wide variety of microorganisms which have not been recognised before. As a result, there are seven fungal isolates were molecular identified via Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) regions from these gardens in spring 2021 and including as Fusarim boothii, Talaromyces sp, Gliocladium viride, Sordariomycetes sp, and three of Fusarium oxysporium. This document is done to evaluate the molecular characterization of some unknown fungal isolates from soil samples in gardens of Mustansiriyah University /Baghdad city-Iraq
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