Pneumonia pada balita masih menjadi masalah kesehatan utama di Indonesia. Hal ini terlihat dengan tingginya angka morbiditasdan mortalitas akibat pneumonia. Salah satu upaya untuk menurunkannya adalah dengan mengetahui faktor risiko yangmenyebabkan terjadinya pneumonia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadianpneumonia pada anak balita di rumah sakit. Desain yang digunakan adalah cross sectional dengan 138 sampel. Hasil penelitiandengan regresi logistik didapatkan 4 faktor risiko yang berhubungan secara bermakna yaitu usia balita, riwayat pemberian ASI,status gizi balita dan kebiasaan merokok keluarga. Kegiatan edukasi tentang peningkatan pemberian ASI dan nutrisi kepadaorangtua balita perlu ditingkatkan untuk mencegah terjadinya pneumonia.

Medical devices that are attached to children put pressure on their skin or mucous membranes, and the devices can lead to injuries. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of injury-prevention guidance about children who need to have medical devices attached to their bodies as part of their treatment. The research used a randomized controlled trial method, along with a cross-over design in 50 respondents with age ranges from 1 day to 18 years. The control group was treated in accordance to hospital routine, while the intervention group was given medical treatment based on Kiss and Heiler's guidelines. Skin assessment was conducted for 3 days. Incidence of Grade 1 pressure injuries on the respondent's skin or mucous membranes with a mean score of Neonatal Skin Risk Assessment Scale < 13 and average Braden Q score > 15 were observed. Health devices that caused pressure injuries on respondents were: ETT (13%), OGT (12%), NGT (11%), and SpO2 probe (6%). There were no significant differences between the control group and intervention group in terms of the number of pressure injury incidences. Skin trauma and pressure injuries caused by medical devices were within the low-risk category; therefore, nurses should not be complacent with the NSRAS and Braden Q scores in preventing pressure injuries. Further research is recommended to improve the power of related research and development in risk assessment of pressure injuries caused by medical devices in children.

No abstract

Children often experience malnutrition while they are hospitalized. Therefore, the prevention of malnutrition and nutritional management need to be done properly using malnutrition screening tools. This study aimed to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the Pediatric Yorkhill Malnutrition Score (PYMS) and the Screening Tool for the Risk of Impaired Nutritional Status and Growth (STRONGkids) when compared to the Subjective Global Nutritional Assessment for Children (SGNA). This study involved 81 pediatric patients with ages ranging from 1 to 16 years old. The two screening tools and the SGNA were examined in each subject. The results of this study determined that the sensitivity and specificity of the PYMS were 95.7% and 66.7%, respectively, while in the STRONGkids they were 52.2% and 41.7%, respectively. This indicates that the PYMS is the most appropriate malnutrition screening tool to be used for a malnutrition screening policy.

AbstrakAnak merupakan aset berharga suatu bangsa karena merupakan generasi penerus. Perhatian yang kurang akibat kesibukan orang tua yang bekerja menyebabkan anak berisiko mengalami penyimpangan tumbuh kembang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi hubungan antara jenis pola asuh, status bekerja, dan waktu bekerja orang tua bekerja dengan penyimpangan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan pada anak. Penelitian potong lintang ini melibatkan sampel 73 responden yang berada di wilayah Kecamatan Kramat Jati, Jakarta Timur. Sampel dipilih menggunakan stratified random sampling. Didapatkan 77% anak pertumbuhannya baik dan 56,2% perkembangannya sesuai. Sebanyak 23% anak ditemukan memiliki minimal satu hasil pengukuran indikator pertumbuhan yang tidak normal dan sebanyak 4,1% anak dicurigai kemungkinan ada penyimpangan perkembangan. Selain itu, hasil analisis data menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pola asuh dengan pertumbuhan (p= 1,000, α= 0,05), pola asuh dan perkembangan (p= 1,000, α= 0,05), status orang tua bekerja dan pertumbuhan (p= 0,362, α= 0,05 ), status orang tua bekerja dan perkembangan (p= 0,901, α= 0,05), waktu orang tua bekerja dan pertumbuhan (p= 0,497, α= 0,05), waktu orang tua bekerja dan perkembangan (p= 1,000, α= 0,05). Orangtua yang bekerja bukanlah faktor penghambat dalam tumbuh kembang anak.

No abstract

Children admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) are at risk for pressure injury due to immobility and the challenge of positioning medical devices. However, a comprehensive instrument to assess pressure injury risk is still finite. This study aimed to test the validity and reliability of the Braden QD Scale. The design used was a Pearson correlation coefficients and Cronbach’s alpha (α). Fifty-one pediatric patients below age 18 who had been bedridden for at least 24 hours were engaged through a consecutive sampling method. The results showed assessments made by using the Braden QD Scale revealed that 88.2% of patients were at risk for a pressure injury. The validity test results of the Braden QD Scale ranged between 0.532 and 0.833. The reliability test results of the Braden QD Scale ranged between 0.756 and 0.834. The sensitivity value is 100%, specificity value is 40%. In general, the study finding suggests that the Braden QD Scale is a valid and reliable instrument for predicting pressure injury risk. Nurses may employ this tool to assess pressure injury risk in pediatric patients.

Context:Pain experienced by children can adversely affect their growth and development. Pain is a major health problem for cancer patients and remains an unresolved problem.Aim:To know how the experiences of mothers managing their children's pain during palliative care following cancer diagnosis.Background:Pain experienced by children can adversely affect their growth and development.Subject and Methods:Using qualitative methods within a descriptive phenomenological approach, in-depth interviews were conducted with parents (mostly mothers) of eight children diagnosed with cancer. The data were collected using the snowball sampling method.Results:Participants experienced in managing the pain of children with cancer. Analysis of the results identified 8 themes: the dimensions of pain experienced by children undergoing palliative care; mothers' physical and psychological responses; mothers' emotional responses; barriers encountered by mothers when taking care of their child at home; mothers' interventions to reduce their child's pain; mothers' efforts to distract their child from pain; giving encouragement when the child is in pain; and mothers' efforts and prayers to make their child comfort.Conclusion:It can be concluded that the child's pain is the main cause of mothers' stress and pressure and also affects the daily lives of mothers and children. Along with the most effective intervention, nurses need to provide mothers and children with adequate information about cancer pain.