Pneumonia pada balita masih menjadi masalah kesehatan utama di Indonesia. Hal ini terlihat dengan tingginya angka morbiditasdan mortalitas akibat pneumonia. Salah satu upaya untuk menurunkannya adalah dengan mengetahui faktor risiko yangmenyebabkan terjadinya pneumonia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadianpneumonia pada anak balita di rumah sakit. Desain yang digunakan adalah cross sectional dengan 138 sampel. Hasil penelitiandengan regresi logistik didapatkan 4 faktor risiko yang berhubungan secara bermakna yaitu usia balita, riwayat pemberian ASI,status gizi balita dan kebiasaan merokok keluarga. Kegiatan edukasi tentang peningkatan pemberian ASI dan nutrisi kepadaorangtua balita perlu ditingkatkan untuk mencegah terjadinya pneumonia.

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Background:Palliative care is an approach that focuses on improving a patient's quality of life. This research aimed to develop a path model of the relationships between the variables of nursing care (information, emotional support, technical support, and palliative care), patient coping, family support, patient spirituality, and patient comfort expressed through physical and emotional mediators.Method:This cross-sectional study involved 308 breast cancer patients from 3 referral hospitals in Jakarta, Indonesia. A structural equation model with Kolcaba's theory was used to develop a theoretical model estimating the path or relationships between the key variables.Results:The results showed that palliative care significantly improved breast cancer patient comfort by reducing anxiety and depression. Furthermore, the study demonstrated a significant positive relationship between spirituality and emotional well-being.Conclusion:Spirituality-focused palliative care is fundamentally importance for breast cancer patients. Nurses play an essential role in providing spirituality-focused palliative care to promote comfort in breast cancer patients in Indonesia.

Medical devices that are attached to children put pressure on their skin or mucous membranes, and the devices can lead to injuries. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of injury-prevention guidance about children who need to have medical devices attached to their bodies as part of their treatment. The research used a randomized controlled trial method, along with a cross-over design in 50 respondents with age ranges from 1 day to 18 years. The control group was treated in accordance to hospital routine, while the intervention group was given medical treatment based on Kiss and Heiler's guidelines. Skin assessment was conducted for 3 days. Incidence of Grade 1 pressure injuries on the respondent's skin or mucous membranes with a mean score of Neonatal Skin Risk Assessment Scale < 13 and average Braden Q score > 15 were observed. Health devices that caused pressure injuries on respondents were: ETT (13%), OGT (12%), NGT (11%), and SpO2 probe (6%). There were no significant differences between the control group and intervention group in terms of the number of pressure injury incidences. Skin trauma and pressure injuries caused by medical devices were within the low-risk category; therefore, nurses should not be complacent with the NSRAS and Braden Q scores in preventing pressure injuries. Further research is recommended to improve the power of related research and development in risk assessment of pressure injuries caused by medical devices in children.

Efikasi diri diperlukan bagi pasien Diabetes Mellitus (DM) tipe 2 untuk meningkatkan kemandirian pasien dalam mengelolapenyakitnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi hubungan antara motivasi dan efikasi diri pasien DM tipe 2 di RSUPX, Medan. Desain dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitik cross sectional dengan jumlah sampel 110 pasien DM tipe 2.Analisis data menggunakan Chi square, uji t independen, dan regresi logistik berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanbahwa karakteristik responden tidak ada yang berhubungan dengan efikasi diri, kecuali status sosial ekonomi (p= 0,046;α= 0,05). Ada hubungan antara dukungan keluarga, depresi, dan motivasi dengan efikasi diri (p= 0,01, 0,026, 0,031; α= 0,05).Individu yang memiliki motivasi yang baik berpeluang 3.736 kali menunjukkan efikasi diri yang baik dibandingkandengan individu yang memiliki motivasi kurang baik setelah dikontrol depresi (CI 95% OR= 1.35; 10,32). Hasil ini merekomendasikanperawat untuk dapat meningkatkan motivasi dan efikasi diri pasien DM tipe 2 dengan memberikan pendidikankesehatan terstruktur, memfasilitasi pemberian dukungan sosial, dan memberikan intervensi untuk mencegah munculnyadepresi.

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