Introduction: Diarrhea is a disease associated with poor people and mostly suffered by toddlers. The poor environmental quality triggers the growth of pathogenic microorganisms. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between basic sanitation with diarrhea in toddlers. Methods: The study was observational analytical study with cross-sectional design. The study was conducted in Leran Village, Bojonegoro, East Java, Indonesia. The sample was toddlers mother, amounting 63 respondents choosing by simple random sampling technique. Results and Discussion: The results of data analysis showed that diarrhea in toddlers was related to the type of floor (p = 0.026, PR = 2.21), latrine condition (p = 0.000, PR = 3.28), waste management (p = 0.000, PR = 27.5), clean water source (p = 0.000, PR =5.32). Conclusion: Several ways to reduce the prevalence of diarrhea including cleaning the floor regularly, providing a mat on the floor, provide a closed and waterproof trash, boiled water before drinking, and washing hands with soap after contacting with the ground.
Introduction: Asosiasi untuk Demokrasi dan Kesejahteraan Sosial (Ademos) was founded as a form of anxiety towards rural communities whose majority of the population does not receive enough attention and access to economic development. One of the empowerment programs is a program to improve the quality of the Bojonegoro batik craftsmen. Workers can work more than 8 hours a day in a sitting and bending position for long periods of time. This study aimed to determine the correlation between the length of work and exercise routines on musculoskeletal complaints among batik craftsmen of Ademos, Bojonegoro Regency. Methods: This research was a descriptive analytic study using a cross-sectional design. The research was conducted in July-August 2020 on Ademos batik craftsmen in Bojonegoro Regency. The total population of the study was 42 batik craftsmen who were selected using a total sampling technique. The variables studied included tenure, exercise routines, and musculoskeletal complaints. Data collection was carried out through questionnaire sheets, observations and the Nordic Body Map Questionnaire. Results: The results of the study found that there was a significant correlation between working period and musculoskeletal complaints (p=0.032) experienced by Batik craftsmen of Ademos Bojonegoro. On the other hand, there was no correlation found between exercise routines and musculoskeletal complaints (p=0.361) on Batik craftsmen of Ademos Bojonegoro. Conclusion: The significant factor causing musculoskeletal complaints in Ademos Bojonegoro Batik craftsmen was the working period factor.
Diarrhea in children under five based on diagnosis and symptom occurred in 18.5% of children in 2018 and 12.3% of children in 2013, indicating an increase. According to the health profile of Bojonegoro Regency of 2018, out of 33,667 diarrhea cases reported, 31,010 or 92.11% of them were treated. This study aims to analyze the relationship between handwashing practice, use of latrine and SPAL (sewerage) with diarrhea incidents in Bojonegoro Incidents. This study used observational study design with cross-sectional approach. Samples in this study were 63 toddlers spread across 4 villages taken using proportional random sampling technique. The collection of primary data was performed by interviewing and observing mothers that had toddlers. Chi square test method was used to determine the relationship between variables examined, where diarrhea occurred in children under five if p < α (α margin of error = 0.05). The results of the study conducted from December 27, 2019 to January 31, 2020 showed that there was a significant relationship between handwashing habit and diarrhea incidents in toddlers, with p=0.000. There was no significant relationship between latrine condition and diarrhea in toddlers, with p=0.808. Furthermore, there was no significant relationship between SPAL condition and diarrhea incidents in toddlers, with p=0.085. There was a significant relationship between handwashing habits in mothers that had children under two with diarrhea incidents.
Latar Belakang: Peningkatan kasus kecelakaan lalu lintas meningkat setiap tahunnya sejalan dengan peningkatan jumlah kendaraan bermotor. Kemajuan teknologi yang semakin pesat berdampak pada kemajuan bidang trasnportasi, sehingga tercipta aplikasi Ojek berbasis Online. Pada tahun 2020 tecatat sebanyak 2 juta driver online yang terdaftar pada satu perusahan dibidang transportasi. Kecelakaan pada pengemudi ojek online dapat disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor salah satunya adalah lama waktu kerja dan kelelahan subjektif. Pekerjaan sebagai ojek online mengharuskan pekerja bekerja pada lingkungan kerja yang panas, hal tersebut memicu terjadinya kelelahan pada pekerja yang mengakibatkan kejadian kecelakaan. Hal tersebut dapat diperparah dengan lama waktu kerja lebih dari delapan jam sehari dan tidak disertai istirahat cukup. Tujuan: Mengetahui kuat hubungan antara waktu kerja dan kelelahan subjektif dengan kejadian kecelakaan pada pengemudi ojek online. Metode: Penelitian ini berjenis observasional analitik dengan rancang bangun cross-sectional. Subjek penelitian adalah pengemudi ojek online sepeda motor di wilayah Kabupaten Sidoarjo sebanyak 110 responden. Variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini adalah waktu kerja dan kelelahan subjektif sedangkan untuk variabel terikat yaitu kejadian kecelakaan. Hasil: Hubungan antar variabel diukur menggunakan uji Cramers V dan Coeficient Contingensi. Hasil analisis menunjukan terdapat hubungan yang positif dan kuat hubungan lemah durasi kerja (CI=0,209), sedangkan terdapat hubungan yang cukup kuat dengan arah positif untuk kelelahan subjektif (r=0,326) dengan kejadian kecelakaan pada pengemudi ojek online. Kesimpulan: Hasil analisis menunjukan terdapat hubungan yang lemah antara waktu kerja dengan kejadian kecelakaan pada pengemudi ojek online, sedangkan terdapat hubungan yang cukup kuat antara kelelahan subjektif dengan kecelakaan. Dari hasil analisis data arah hubungan kedua variabel independen adalah positif artinya semakin lama waktu kerja akan menyebabkan peningkatan kelelahan dan kejadian kecelakaan kerja.
Hepatitis B merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus Hepatitis B (HBV) dan merupakan jenis Hepatitis terbanyak di Indonesia yaitu sebesar 21,8%. Perilaku berisiko tinggi seperti hubungan seksual yang tidak aman dan penggunaan jarum suntik sembarangan dapat menyebabkan Hepatitis B. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan pengetahuan Hepatitis B dan perilaku berisiko tinggi dengan kejadian Hepatitis B pada remaja. Penelitian dilakukan dengan desain cross-sectional dengan responden sebanyak 50 remaja. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan kuesioner. Analisis hubungan dilakukan dengan uji Fisher exact. Sebanyak 62% remaja memiliki tingkat pengetahuan kurang tentang Hepatitis B, 54% remaja tidak pernah melakukan perilaku berisiko tinggi, dan 70% remaja mengaku tidak pernah terpapar Hepatitis B. Hasil penelitian tidak menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara pengetahuan Hepatitis B dengan kejadian Hepatitis B (p 0,086 > α 0,05) dan terdapat hubungan antara perilaku berisiko tinggi remaja dengan kejadian Hepatitis B (p 0,002 < α 0,05). Pengetahuan remaja terhadap Hepatitis B dan perilaku berisiko tinggi yang dilakukan remaja merupakan faktor penting yang perlu dikendalikan untuk menurunkan angka Hepatitis B. Sosialisasi pengetahuan Hepatitis B diperlukan untuk memperoleh pemahaman tentang virus, penyebabnya, saluran penyebarannya, bagaimana menghentikan penyebarannya, dan penanganan apa yang harus dilakukan jika terjangkit virus Hepatitis B.
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