Objective:The exposure of organophosphate could be caused by the absorption in some parts of the body like skin and breath. Toxicity may cause nausea, vomiting and dizziness which are not too specific related with the pesticide toxicity. The purpose of this study is to understand the association between organophosphate exposure and farmers’ health in Kulon Progo County from the perspectives of physical, emotional and social health.Methods:This study was conducted using descriptive observational design. The blood sample was collected during harvesting periods in 2016. The inclusion criterion of farmers was using organophosphate-contained pesticide during the planting period of red onion. The farmers who had renal disease, liver disease and cancer were excluded. The organophosphate exposure parameters were the duration and frequency of pesticide application, width of the area, serum cholinesterase activity and the completeness of personal protective equipment.Results:Among 84 farmers, most of them were male (85.7%), and the mean age was 49.1 (standard deviation: 12.5) years; 71.4% of the subjects experienced tremor, 17.86% experienced dizziness and 8.33% subjects experienced nausea–vomiting after pesticide application. According to the pesticide application, in average, subjects used pesticide 1.4 h/day with the area of 1.285 m2. The frequency of pesticide used is three times per week. Around 97.6% subjects used incomplete personal protective equipment. The average of serum cholinesterase activity in subjects with tremor is higher than subjects without tremor (p > 0.05). There is a significant association between serum cholinesterase activity and creatinine content (p < 0.05). The farmers’ quality-of-life domain scores are lower than the scores of the normal population in Yogyakarta.Conclusion:Organophosphate exposure may affect the farmers’ physical health and quality of life.
The average economic growth of South Sulawesi Province is high and ranks first from the eastern part of Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the effect of investment, labor and government spending on economic growth in the Regency/City of South Sulawesi Province. Province period 2012 – 2021. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression with panel data approach. The results show that investment has an insignificant negative effect, labor and government expenditures have a positive and significant effect on economic growth in Regency/City of South Sulawesi Province 2012 - 2021
Rata-rata pertumbuhan ekonomi Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan tergolong tinggi dan menempati urutan pertama dari Indonesia bagian timur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh investasi, tenaga kerja dan pengeluaran pemerintah terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di Kabupaten/Kota Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Provinsi periode 2012 – 2021. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah regresi linier berganda dengan pendekatan data panel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa investasi berpengaruh negatif tidak signifikan, tenaga kerja dan pengeluaran pemerintah berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di Kabupaten/Kota Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan 2012 - 2021.
Diarrhea in children under five based on diagnosis and symptom occurred in 18.5% of children in 2018 and 12.3% of children in 2013, indicating an increase. According to the health profile of Bojonegoro Regency of 2018, out of 33,667 diarrhea cases reported, 31,010 or 92.11% of them were treated. This study aims to analyze the relationship between handwashing practice, use of latrine and SPAL (sewerage) with diarrhea incidents in Bojonegoro Incidents. This study used observational study design with cross-sectional approach. Samples in this study were 63 toddlers spread across 4 villages taken using proportional random sampling technique. The collection of primary data was performed by interviewing and observing mothers that had toddlers. Chi square test method was used to determine the relationship between variables examined, where diarrhea occurred in children under five if p < α (α margin of error = 0.05). The results of the study conducted from December 27, 2019 to January 31, 2020 showed that there was a significant relationship between handwashing habit and diarrhea incidents in toddlers, with p=0.000. There was no significant relationship between latrine condition and diarrhea in toddlers, with p=0.808. Furthermore, there was no significant relationship between SPAL condition and diarrhea incidents in toddlers, with p=0.085. There was a significant relationship between handwashing habits in mothers that had children under two with diarrhea incidents.
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