This is the first study to report the incidence of IOL opacification after undergoing DSAEK. Although the mechanism is unknown, multiple injections of air into the anterior chamber statistically increase the risk of IOL opacification.

BackgroundPseudoexfoliation syndrome (PXS) is the most common identifiable cause of secondary glaucoma, the prevalence of which varies considerably among different ethnicities. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of pseudoexfoliation syndrome in Pakistan.MethodsA prospective study conducted in the period from January 2003 to June 2004 in a teaching hospital serving a population of about 7.6 million. 1860 patients aged 45 or above attending the general ophthalmic clinics were recruited for this study. A detailed evaluation including ophthalmic and general history, slit lamp biomicroscopy, intraocular pressure measurement, gonioscopy and dilated eye examination was performed on all patients.Results120(6.45%) subjects were found to have PXS with a male to female ratio of 1.5:1. All 120 (100%) cases were bilateral and 48(40%) patients had high intraocular pressure.ConclusionTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first study conducted in a Pakistani population to determine the prevalence of PXS. The prevalence rate of 6.45% is similar to other studies conducted in south Asia, however all cases were bilateral and quite a high percentage of patients had high intra-ocular pressure.

PURPOSE. The predisposition to sarcoidosis, a systemic granulomatous disorder of unknown etiology, is genetically determined, and genetics appears also to drive the disease down distinct phenotypic pathways. This study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that sarcoidosis-related uveitis represents a genetically distinct disease subset, by investigating single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the HSP-70/1 and HSP-70/ Hom genes. HSP70 molecules play a key role in the immune response by functioning both as chaperones and as inducers of proinflammatory cytokine secretion. METHODS. By sequence-specific primers-polymerase chain reaction (SSP-PCR) five SNPs were evaluated in 270 white patients with sarcoidosis, including 88 with sarcoid-related uveitis, and in 347 matched control subjects. One hundred twentyfive patients with idiopathic anterior uveitis (IAU) and 56 with idiopathic intermediate uveitis (IIU) were also included in the study as disease control subjects. RESULTS. The HSP-70/Hom rs2075800 G allele frequency was higher in the sarcoid-uveitis group than in both the sarcoidnon-uveitis and control groups (83% vs. 71%, OR ϭ 2.00, P c ϭ 0.01; and 83% vs. 66%, OR ϭ 2.45, P c ϭ 0.00005, respectively). Similar results were observed when considering the carriage frequency of the associated haplotype (HSP-70 haplotype 2) across the three study groups (47% vs. 29%, OR ϭ 2.17, P c ϭ 0.03; and 47% vs. 21%, OR ϭ 3.26, P c ϭ 0.0003, respectively). In addition, the carriage frequency of the HSP-70 haplotype 2 discriminated among sarcoid-related uveitis, IAU, and IIU (47% vs. 19%, OR ϭ 3.26, P c ϭ 0.001; and 47% vs. 23%, OR ϭ 2.81, P c ϭ 0.04, respectively). CONCLUSIONS. A strong association was found between HSP-70/ Hom rs2075800 G and uveitis in patients with sarcoidosis. Further studies are needed to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying this association.

due to Rothia dentocariosa in a patient receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

BCLs do not increase the likelihood of complete resolution when compared with OLs in the initial management of RCES. However, BCL treatment seems safe, and some patients experience earlier relief from symptoms.

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Objective: To evaluate the corneal re-epithelialization and patient-perceived pain after bandage contact lens (BCL) exchange on day one, after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). Methods: A randomized controlled trial, of all patients who underwent bilateral transepithelial-PRK (trans-PRK) or bilateral alcohol debridement and PRK (A-PRK), between March and October 2019. One eye of each patient was randomly assigned to BCL exchange on the first postoperative day (exchange group) and the BCL was not exchanged in the fellow eye (control group). Patients were evaluated daily until healing was complete. At each visit, the corneal epithelial defect was measured, and a questionnaire was used to assess pain, photophobia, and excessive tearing. P<0.05 was statistically significant. Results: The study sample was comprised of 56 patients (mean age 27.2±5.7 years). Trans-PRK was performed in 20 (34.5%) and A-PRK in 36 (64.3%) patients. At day 3, 40 (71.4%) eyes of the exchange group healed completely compared with 38 (67.9%) eyes of the control group (P=0.5). At day-1 follow-up, the pain score was 1.87±1.4 in the exchange group and 2.29±1.3 in the control group (P=0.009). The mean pain score was 1.58±1.4 among patients who underwent A-PRK and 2.35±1.2 among patients operated by trans-PRK (P=0.04). Conclusion: The epithelial healing did not vary when BCL was exchanged one day after refractive surgery. However, postoperative pain score after PRK was lower at day 1, when the BCL was exchanged. Compared with A-PRK, trans-PRK group demonstrated a higher pain score in the early postoperative phase.