The prevalence of pseudoexfoliation syndrome in Pakistan. Hospital based study

Abstract

BackgroundPseudoexfoliation syndrome (PXS) is the most common identifiable cause of secondary glaucoma, the prevalence of which varies considerably among different ethnicities. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of pseudoexfoliation syndrome in Pakistan.MethodsA prospective study conducted in the period from January 2003 to June 2004 in a teaching hospital serving a population of about 7.6 million. 1860 patients aged 45 or above attending the general ophthalmic clinics were recruited for this study. A detailed evaluation including ophthalmic and general history, slit lamp biomicroscopy, intraocular pressure measurement, gonioscopy and dilated eye examination was performed on all patients.Results120(6.45%) subjects were found to have PXS with a male to female ratio of 1.5:1. All 120 (100%) cases were bilateral and 48(40%) patients had high intraocular pressure.ConclusionTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first study conducted in a Pakistani population to determine the prevalence of PXS. The prevalence rate of 6.45% is similar to other studies conducted in south Asia, however all cases were bilateral and quite a high percentage of patients had high intra-ocular pressure.

Relationship between pseudo exfoliation syndrome of pupil and increased intraocular pressure and glaucoma in patients referred to ophthalmology clinic of Ardabil city hospital

“…[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] In studies done in other places, the prevalence of PXS has been increased with age increasing that has been in line with the results of present study. [4][5][6]9,10,[12][13]15,17 Different results obtained in previous studies in terms of the difference between the two sexes which sex difference has not been observed in some studies (Morano Montane study in Spain, Arvind H study in southern India, Susic N study in Croatia, but in some studies in line with this study, the disease is more common in women than in men (63/9% of men and 36/1% in women) which probably shows the different disease behaviors in present region and perhaps some other regions of the world. 4,9,13 In terms of bilateral or unilateral, bilateral ocular involvement has been observed in most of the various studies.…”

“…4,9,13 In terms of bilateral or unilateral, bilateral ocular involvement has been observed in most of the various studies. 4,5,[8][9][10]13,15 In the present study, also, bilateral ocular involvement was seen in the majority of the cases (55/5% bilateral and 44/5% unilateral). In terms of suffering from cataract, in some studies it has been shown that the prevalence of antinuclear cataract is higher than the other types of cataract.…”

Risk Factors and Open-angle Glaucoma: Classification and Application

“…Exfoliation syndrome is a condition of worldwide distribution, [34][35][36][37][38][39][40] although it is perhaps most prevalent in North Europe, where it comprises a large proportion of OAG cases. Unfortunately, there are no standard criteria for defining its presence.…”

Apolipoprotein E Genotypes in Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome and Pseudoexfoliation Glaucoma

“…1,3,4 PEX syndrome affects approximately 10% to 20% of the general population above the age of 60 years worldwide but its prevalence markedly varies between geographic populations. [5][6][7] The etiology of PEX is poorly understood, but it most likely represents a complex disease in which environmental factors impact on an individual's genetic background. 5,6 A strong genetic risk factor for PEX syndrome and PEX glaucoma (PEXG) has been recently identified.…”