Phosphorus-doped hexagonal tubular carbon nitride (P-TCN) with the layered stacking structure was obtained from a hexagonal rod-like single crystal supramolecular precursor (monoclinic, C2/m). The production process of P-TCN involves two steps: 1) the precursor was prepared by self-assembly of melamine with cyanuric acid from in situ hydrolysis of melamine under phosphorous acid-assisted hydrothermal conditions; 2) the pyrolysis was initiated at the center of precursor under heating, thus giving the hexagonal P-TCN. The tubular structure favors the enhancement of light scattering and active sites. Meanwhile, the introduction of phosphorus leads to a narrow band gap and increased electric conductivity. Thus, the P-TCN exhibited a high hydrogen evolution rate of 67 μmol h(-1) (0.1 g catalyst, λ >420 nm) in the presence of sacrificial agents, and an apparent quantum efficiency of 5.68 % at 420 nm, which is better than most of bulk g-C3 N4 reported.

Productivity of wheat is affected by drought stress; however, the correlation between drought stress and metabolism is still not clear. The aim of this study was to investigate physiological adaptive mechanisms and reveal physiological processes related to drought tolerance. The results indicated that the wheat metabolome is dominated by sugars, organic acids and amino acids; the wheat metabolome plays important roles in enhancing the drought tolerance of shoots. Drought caused system alterations in widespread metabolic networks involving transamination, tricarboxylic acid cycle, glycolysis, glutamate-mediated proline biosynthesis, shikimate-mediated secondary metabolisms and GABA metabolisms.

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Phosphorus-doped hexagonal tubular carbon nitride (P-TCN) with the layered stacking structure was obtained from ahexagonal rod-like single crystal supramolecular precursor (monoclinic,C2/m). The production process of P-TCN involves two steps:1 )the precursor was prepared by self-assembly of melamine with cyanuric acid from in situ hydrolysis of melamine under phosphorous acid-assisted hydrothermal conditions;2 )the pyrolysis was initiated at the center of precursor under heating,thus giving the hexagonal P-TCN.T he tubular structure favors the enhancement of light scattering and active sites.M eanwhile,t he introduction of phosphorus leads to anarrowband gap and increased electric conductivity.T hus,t he P-TCN exhibited ah igh hydrogen evolution rate of 67 mmol h À1 (0.1 gcatalyst, l > 420 nm) in the presence of sacrificial agents,a nd an apparent quantum efficiency of 5.68 %a t4 20 nm, whichi sb etter than most of bulk g-C 3 N 4 reported.

We assessed the prevalence characteristics of single and multiple high‐risk human papillomavirus (HR‐HPV) infections. A total of 1783 women who underwent colposcopy and cervical biopsy for abnormal ThinPrep Cytology Test and/or HR‐HPV subtype genotyping results were enrolled in the study. Among the participants, 770 were diagnosed with cervicitis, 395 with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1 (CIN1), 542 with CIN2‐3, and 76 with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), with HR‐HPV infection rates of 75.8%, 85.8%, 95.9%, and 88.4%, respectively. The prevalence of total and multiple HR‐HPV infections exhibited a bimodal age distribution with a peak at ≤25 years, a decline with age and a second peak at ≥55 years, whereas single HR‐HPV infections exhibited one peak from 35 to 44 years. The four most dominant HPV genotypes were HPV 16 (29.5%), 52 (15.0%), 58 (14.2%), and 18 (10.4%). In total, 67.0%, 70.4%, and 82.1% of patients with CIN1, CIN2‐3, and SCC, respectively, had a single HR‐HPV infection, which increased significantly with the aggravation of the cervical lesion grade (P = 0.045). Patients with a single HPV 16 infection had higher incidences of CIN2+ (62.2%) than those with multiple HPV 16 infections (52.4%) (P = 0.021). Patients coinfected with HPV 16 had higher CIN2+ incidence than those with single HPV 52, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 56, or 59 infections (P < 0.001). This study provided baseline data on the prevalence characteristics of single and multiple HR‐HPV infections in women attending a gynecological outpatient clinic in Beijing.

Clarification of the metabolic mechanisms underlying salt stress responses in plants will allow further optimization of crop breeding and cultivation to obtain high yields in saline-alkali land. Here, we characterized 68 differential metabolites of cultivated soybean (Glycine max) and wild soybean (Glycine soja) under neutral-salt and alkali-salt stresses using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-based metabolomics, to reveal the physiological and molecular differences in salt tolerance. According to comparisons of growth parameters under the two kinds of salt stresses, the level of inhibition in wild soybean was lower than in cultivated soybean, especially under alkali-salt stress. Moreover, wild soybean contained significantly higher amounts of phenylalanine, asparagine, citraconic acid, citramalic acid, citric acid and α-ketoglutaric acid under neutral-salt stress, and higher amounts of palmitic acid, lignoceric acid, glucose, citric acid and α-ketoglutaric acid under alkali-salt stress, than cultivated soybean. Further investigations demonstrated that the ability of wild soybean to salt tolerance was mainly based on the synthesis of organic and amino acids, and the more active tricarboxylic acid cycle under neutral-salt stress. In addition, the metabolite profiling analysis suggested that the energy generation from β-oxidation, glycolysis and the citric acid cycle plays important roles under alkali-salt stress. Our results extend the understanding of mechanisms involved in wild soybean salt tolerance and provide an important reference for increasing yields and developing salt-tolerant soybean cultivars.

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We report the synthesis of highly crystalline, small size, α-NiS nanocrystal inks for the fabrication of counter electrode of dye-sensitized solar cells. The monodisperse α-NiS nanocrystals (about 7 nm) are obtained via a noninjection, solutionphase chemical synthesis method. During the growth process of α-NiS nanocrystals, the Ni-oleate complex, which is generated in situ from the reaction of nickel chloride and sodium oleate, is decomposed and acts effectively as a growth source in synthesizing monodisperse nanocrystals. By controlling the reaction temperature, the resultant nanocrystal sizes and crytallinity can be well tuned. Compared to conventional obtained NiS bulks, the monodisperse α-NiS nanocrystals possess an abundance of reaction catalytic sites for dye-sensitized solar cells due to the small particle size and high crystallinity. The first-principles calculations have been first employed to investigate the adsorption energy of I3 -molecule on (111) surface of α-NiS with equilibrium shape. The DSSCs based on monodisperse α-NiS nanocrystal ink with higher crystallinity display the power conversion efficiency of 7.33 %, which is comparable to that based on Pt cathode (7.53 %), but significantly higher than that based on the bulk NiS (4.64 %) and lower crystallinity α-NiS nanocrystals (6.32 %). It can be attributed to more reaction catalytic sites due to the surface effect of small α-NiS nanocrystals, and the highest work function level (5.5 eV) that matched the redox shuttle potential. We believe that our method paves a promising way to design and synthesize advanced counter electrode materials for energy harvesting.