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Iodo(aryl)palladium complexes, [PdI{C 6 H 3 (CF 3 ) 2 -3,5}(N-N)] (N-N ) tmeda, bpy, 4,4′dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine (Me 2 bpy)), react with AgBF 4 in CH 3 CN, acetone, and THF to yield stable cationic arylpalladium complexes [Pd{C 6 H 3 (CF 3 ) 2 -3,5}(N-N)(solv)]BF 4 . A similar reaction of AgBF 4 with [PdI(C 6 H 3 Me 2 -3,5)(bpy)] in CH 3 CN gives [Pd(C 6 H 3 Me 2 -3,5)(bpy)-(CH 3 CN)]BF 4 . The complex does not change its NMR spectrum for 1 h at room temperature in CD 3 CN but undergoes decomposition upon dissolution in acetone to release 3,3′,5,5′tetramethylbiphenyl. Addition of AgBF 4 to acetone or THF solutions of [PdI(Ar)(bpy)] (Ar ) Ph, C 6 H 3 Me 2 -3,5) and of [PdI(Ar)(Me 2 bpy)] (Ar ) C 6 H 4 OMe-4, C 6 H 3 Me 2 -3,5) does not lead to isolation of the cationic arylpalladium complexes and causes intermolecular coupling of the aryl ligands to yield the corresponding biaryls. The reaction of AgBF 4 with [PdI(C 6 H 3 Me 2 -3,5)(bpy)] in the presence of an excess amount of dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate (DMAD) in CH 3 CN gives [Pd(CZdCZ-CZdCZ-C 6 H 3 Me 2 -3,5)(bpy)(CH 3 CN)]BF 4 (Z ) COOMe) via insertion of two acetylene molecules into the Pd-aryl bond. A similar reaction in acetone or THF causes insertion of three DMAD molecules into the Pd-aryl bond and cyclization of the formed Pd-(CZdCZ) 3 -Ar group to give the product containing a cyclopentadiene structure in the ligand. [PdI(CZdCZ-C 6 H 3 Me 2 -3,5)(bpy)] reacts with AgBF 4 in CH 3 CN to form a cationic complex, [Pd(CZdCZ-C 6 H 3 Me 2 -3,5)(bpy)(CH 3 CN)]BF 4 . A series of cationic Pd complexes, formed through insertion of one, two, and three alkyne molecules into the Pd-aryl bond, are characterized by X-ray crystallography or NMR spectroscopy. Phenylallene reacts with [PdI(C 6 H 3 Me 2 -3,5)(bpy)] in the presence of AgBF 4 to give [Pd{η 3 -CH 2 C-(C 6 H 3 Me 2 -3,5)CHPh}(bpy)]BF 4 via insertion of the CdC double bond of the allene into the Pd-C bond of the cationic arylpalladium complex. The π-allylpalladium complex crystallizes exclusively in a form with a syn-oriented phenyl substituent but exists in solution as a mixture of the isomers with a syn or anti phenyl substituent.

Our modest exercise program improved the physical performance of CKD patients without deterioration of renal function. These results suggest that exercise rather than excess rest should be recommended for CKD patients to avoid muscle wasting.

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Among cytomegalovirus (CMV) tegument proteins, phosphoprotein 65 (pp65) has been identified as the important target antigen of the cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against the virus. We synthesized seven CMV-pp65-derived peptides carrying an HLA-A24-binding motif, and investigated the ability of these peptides to induce CMV-specific CTL. We identified one nonamer peptide (pp65113-121; VYALPLKML) able to bind HLA-A24 and induce CTL responses in vitro in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from CMV-seropositive individuals. The peptide-specific CTLs generated were capable of recognizing pp65 expressed on CMV-infected fibroblasts as well as pp65113-121 peptide bound to the surface of C1R-A*2402 cells in an HLA-A24-restricted manner. The pp65113-121 peptide thus might be considered a synthetic peptide vaccine in HLA-A24-positive individuals.

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