The dynamics of local temperature in the area of injection of drug solutions with regard to their physical and chemical properties is studied. It is shown that infrared thermography allows to visualize the processes of intra tissue rheology of drugs both when the temperature of injected drugs differs from the local temperature of tissues in the injection area and when their temperatures are equal. Methods of infrared diagnostics of tissue homogeneity, as well as methods for identifying, specifying the localization, shape and size of tumors, foreign bodies and local inflammations have been developed. It is shown that artificial temperature contrast of veins filled with blood and/or drug solutions in relation to the tissues surrounding them allows to visualize these structures using a thermal imager in real time. It is established that the dynamics of the local temperature of tissues at the injection sites of drug solutions depends not only on the temperature of the injected drugs, but also on the presence and severity of their local irritant effect. It is shown that the local irritating effect of drugs is manifested in the places of their injections by local hyperthermia, hyperemia, swelling and soreness. A direct dependence of the severity of the local irritant effect of drugs on the value of the total concentration of ingredients and the degree of hyperosmotic activity of solutions was established. Therefore, dilution of drugs with water is a way to reduce their local irritant effect.
The article deals with the issues of improving the accuracy of measurements of the geometric parameters of objects by optoelectronic systems, based on a television multiscan. A mathematical model of a multiscan with scanistor activation is developed, expressions for its integral output current and video signal are obtained, and the mechanism of their formation is investigated. An expression for the video signal is obtained that reflects the dual nature of the discrete–continuous multiscan structure: the video signal can have a discrete (pulse) or analog (continuous) form, depending on the step voltage between the photodiode cells of the multiscan. A Vernier discrete–analog method for measuring the parameters of the light zone on a multiscan is proposed, in which in order to increase the accuracy of the measurements, the location of the video pulse is determined relative to the neighboring reference pulses of a rigid geometric raster due to the slope of the discrete structure of the multiscan. It is established that the Vernier method enables one to make precision measurements of the coordinates, dimensions, and movements of the light zones by an overlay on a video raster of reference pulses from cells—a uniform sequence of Vernier pulses with a recurrence interval, followed by determining the number of the Vernier pulse that coincides with the raster pulse. An optoelectronic device based on a discrete–continuous multiscan, implemented on the basis of the proposed Vernier method of measuring the coordinates of the light zones, which has a high sensitivity to movement, is characteristic of continuous structures, and has increased stability and linearity of the coordinate characteristics typical for discrete structures, is developed.
The work is devoted to the problem of the formation of a mathematical model of a smoothbore gun. It is shown that due to the low accuracy of the initial data, the high accuracy of the mathematical model is not rational, and the mathematical model in the adiabatic formulation is quite reasonable. On the other hand, simple methods of numerical integration are excluded due to the discontinuity of functions at the beginning of the combustion phase of gunpowder. Accounting for the rotation of the cannonball, necessary for external ballistics, is possible only for a probabilistic task. Therefore, it will be most convenient to evaluate this parameter through the form factor of the external ballistic calculation.
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