Background: Oral cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers. Thymoquinone has a potential therapeutic activity against cancer cells. Aim: to compare the effect of thymoquinone and thymoquinone loaded on gold nanoparticles (GNPs-TQ) as systemic therapeutic agents through intraperitoneal injection for 3&6 weeks after painting of with DMBA 3 times/week for 14w. Material and Methods: This study was carried out on ninety male Syrian golden hamsters (n=90), its age ranged from 6 to 7 weeks, weighting 90-110 gm, purchased from Theodore Blhars Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt. Characterization of GNPs was achieved through using Ultraviolet-Visible spectroscope and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Tissue samples were examined through routine H&E stain, and nuclear factor kappa B cells (NF-κB) immunoreactivity. Results: Formation of spherical and well dispersed gold nanoparticles (GNPs) (27nm). Histopathological evaluation showed retardation of carcinogenesis in hamster buccal pouch and regeneration of striated muscle layers when treated with thymoquinone loaded on gold nanoparticles (GNPs-TQ). These observations were in line with decrease nuclear factor-kappa B expression. Conclusions: GNPs-TQ is a promising chemo-therapeutic agent in regression of carcinogenesis, and improving the general animal health.

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Background: Oral cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers. Thymoquinone (TQ) has a potential therapeutic activity against cancer cells. Aim: This study aimed to compare the effect of TQ and TQ loaded on gold nanoparticles (GNPs) as systemic therapeutic agents through intra-peritoneal injection for 3&6 weeks after painting with DMBA (3 times/week for 14w). Material and Methods: This study was carried out on ninety male Syrian golden hamsters (n=90), its age ranged from 6 to 7 weeks, weighting 90-110 gm, purchased from Theodore Blhars Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt. Characterization of GNPs was achieved through using Ultraviolet-Visible spectroscope and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Analysis for total white blood cells (WBCs) & lymphocytes count and lymphocytes % was done. To ensure the drugs safety, liver and kidney toxicity enzymes were measured. Results: Formation of spherical and well dispersed GNPs (27nm). There was marked increase in WBCs (13.8), lymphocyte count (8.2) and liver enzymes (99.6-104.4) after DMBA painting. These markers were reduced obviously after using of GNPs-TQ for 6w to 6.1, 5.4, 56.7, and 57.5 respectively. Histopathological evaluation showed regression of carcinogenesis and regeneration of striated muscle layers when treated with GNPs-TQ. Conclusions: GNPs-TQ is considered a promising chemo-therapeutic agent in treating carcinoma, without toxic effect on liver and kidney enzymes.

Chemotherapy tends to stop the growth and eliminate cancer cells even at distant sites. Most of them lead to adverse side effects and induce changes in normal tissues. The aim of the present study was to evaluate of apoptotic changes induced by 5-fluorouracil on the lingual mucosa and salivary glands of male albino rats through clinical, histological, immunohistochemical and histomorphometric assessments. Twenty male albino rats were divided equally into two groups. Control group did not receive any type of treatment and study group received intraperitoneal injection of 5-FU (150 mg/kg) for 7 days. On the 14 th day, the tongue and submandibular salivary gland specimens were dissected and processed. The study group showed histopathological changes as atrophy of the lingual papillae which confirmed statistically through histomorphometric analysis. The submandibular glands showed marked degeneration in the duct system and acini. The assessment of apoptosis was confirmed by immunohistochemical findings, there was highly statistically significant increase in the expression pattern of Bax and Caspase-3 with significant decrease in PCNA level in comparison to the control group. So, 5-FU caused deleterious histopathological and immunohistochemical alterations of the submandibular salivary glands and tongue mucosa.

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