ABSTRAKKotoran sapi perah yang tidak diolah dengan benar dapat mencemari lingkungan serta memengaruhi produksi dan kualitas susu. Limbah peternakan ini dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber energi alternatif untuk mensubstitusi kebutuhan energi fosil yang semakin meningkat dan ketersediaannya makin terbatas. Biogas merupakan sumber energi terbarukan yang dihasilkan dari proses pengolahan limbah pertanian maupun peternakan. Makalah ini mengulas alternatif pemanfaatan kotoran sapi perah sebagai biogas. Pengolahan kotoran ternak menjadi biogas memberikan banyak manfaat, yakni sebagai sumber energi alternatif, pupuk organik padat maupun cair, dan pakan ternak, serta dapat memperbaiki sanitasi lingkungan. Oleh karena itu, pembuatan biogas perlu dimasyarakatkan terutama di sentra sapi perah. Biogas lebih murah dibandingkan sumber energi lain sehingga peternak lebih baik berinvestasi membangun digester secara swadaya dibandingkan membeli gas elpiji. Pemerintah dapat memberikan subsidi digester kepada peternak sapi perah untuk mengurangi ketergantungan pada elpiji. Perbaikan teknologi biogas, integrasi sistem biogas dengan produksi pupuk organik, serta sosialisasi dan bimbingan teknis produksi dan pemanfaatan biogas dapat memperluas pengembangan biogas di masyarakat. Peminjaman kredit lunak dari pemerintah maupun swasta juga dapat mendorong pengembangan biogas.

Persentase stolon menjadi umbi pada produksi umbi mini kentang secara aeroponik diperkirakan hanya 5–10%, sehingga masih terdapat peluang untuk meningkatkan produksi umbi mini dengan melakukan induksi pengumbian. Penelitian bertujuan untuk meningkatkan produksi umbi mini kentang melalui peningkatan induksi pengumbian dengan berbagai dosis pupuk daun nitrogen. Percobaan dilaksanakan di Rumah Plastik di Lembang, Bandung Barat, Jawa Barat mulai Bulan Desember 2010 sampai dengan Juli 2011. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan satu faktor dosis pupuk daun nitrogen yaitu 0, 500, 1000, 2000, dan 4000 ppm N dengan enam ulangan. Pupuk nitrogen yang digunakan ialah Ca(NO3)2 yang diaplikasikan 1, 2, 3, dan 4 minggu setelah tanam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pupuk daun nitrogen Ca(NO3)2 dapat meningkatkan produksi umbi mini kentang melalui peningkatan bobot umbi per tanaman sebesar 17%, tetapi belum dapat meningkatkan induksi pengumbian tanaman kentang pada sistem aeroponik. Dosis optimum pupuk daun nitrogen Ca(NO3)2 untuk bobot umbi per tanaman maksimum ialah 2173 ppm. Peningkatan bobot umbi mini per tanaman pada sistem aeroponik dapat memberikan manfaat sebagai sumber benih.

True seed of shallot (TSS) can be an alternative source of shallot seeds. But the use of TSS in Indonesia is still limited because not many people produce TSS because of high input production. This research aimed to evaluate the technical and economic feasibility of input saving TSS production technology packages. The research was carried out in Ciwidey district, Bandung Regency, West Java, Indonesia from June to October 2016. The research consisted of two factors arranged in a split plot with a randomized block design and eight replications. The main plot was technology packages, namely farmer, recommendation and input saving. The subplot was harvest time, which were 80, 90, and 100 weeks after planting. The observed variables were yield component and yield, soil status, climate data, and farming data. The technical data were analyzed by ANOVA test and continued using the Duncan test at a 95% confidence level. Farming data was analyzed by RC ratio. The results showed that input saving package did not meet seed standards with an RC ratio of 1.07. Savings input on TSS production in Indonesia were only possible by choosing the right location and planting time and must be followed by climate prediction.

The research objectives were 1) to know the influence of planting media composition of agregate hydroponic on the number of G0 tuber that produced by three potato cultivars, and 2) to determine the best planting media composition for each cultivar. The research was conducted at Greenhouse of PD Jaya Mandiri Farm and Institute of Agricultural Technology Assessment (BPTP), West Java from May to September 2016. The experiment was arranged in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) factorial, with three blocks as replications. The first factor was potato cultivars, consisting of three cultivars, namely Granola Lembang, Granola Kembang, and Median. The second factor was the composition of planting media, consisting of four compositions, namely 100% rice husk charcoal, rice husk charcoal:biogas waste 1:1, rice husk charcoal:biogas waste 2:1, and rice husk charcoal:biogas waste 3:1. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variant (ANOVA) at 95% of confidence levels, and continued with HSD-Tukey and correlation analysis. The results provide information that number of G0 seeds were generated per crop on each cultivar was effected by the interaction between planting media composition and potato cultivars. The best planting media composition for Granola Lembang was rice husk charcoal:biogas waste 3:1 as it multiplies the number of G0 seeds were produced each crop. Meanwhile, the best planting media composition for Granola Kembang was rice husk charcoal:biogas waste 2:1 as it multiplies the number of G0 seeds were produced each crop. The 100% of rice husk charcoal was ideal for Median as it multiplies the number of G0 seeds were produced each crop.

<p>Kentang merupakan sayuran yang memiliki prospek untuk mendukung program diversifikasi pangan. Akan tetapi saat ini produksi di dalam negeri masih rendah akibat penggunaan benih yang kurang bermutu. Sistem irigasi tetes berpeluang untuk diterapkan pada produksi benih kentang G0. Penelitian  bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh frekuensi dan volume fertigasi terhadap produksi benih G0 kentang pada sistem irigasi tetes. Penelitian  dilaksanakan sejak bulan Mei sampai dengan September 2016 di Rumah Kassa Desa Cikahuripan, Lembang, Bandung Barat, Jawa Barat dengan ketinggian 1.200 m dpl. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan petak terpisah (split plot design) dengan rancangan acak kelompok lengkap dan tiga ulangan. Sebagai petak utama adalah frekuensi fertigasi sebanyak 3, 5, dan 7 kali. Sebagai anak petak adalah volume fertigasi (ml) setiap aplikasi, yaitu 100, 200, 300, dan 400. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak terjadi interaksi antara perlakuan frekuensi dan volume fertigasi terhadap semua peubah pengamatan. Frekuensi fertigasi terbaik terhadap bobot ubi per tanaman umur 100 HST adalah lima kali, yaitu jam 7, 10, 12, 14, dan 16. Volume fertigasi terbaik terhadap jumlah ubi ukuran besar umur 100 HST adalah 300 ml per aplikasi per polibag. Volume dan frekuensi fertigasi terbaik ini diharapkan tidak saja meningkatkan produksi benih, tetapi juga keuntungan usahatani yang diperoleh. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk menginduksi pengumbian dengan mengalihkan ukuran ubi menjadi peningkatan jumlah ubi sebagai tujuan produksi benih G0.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong></p><p><em>Solanum</em> tuberosum L.; Irigasi tetes; Fertigasi; Frekuensi; Volume</p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Potato is one of vegetables that can be used as an alternative to support food diversification programs. But the potato production domestically is still low because of low quality seed. One of the potato seed technologies that can be developed is arragement of fertigation volumes and frequencies on drip fertigation. The objective of this research was to determine the best fertigation volume and frequency in G0 potato seed production in drip irrigation. This research was conducted from May to September 2016 at Screen House Cikahuripan Village, Lembang, Bandung on 1,200 m asl. The treatments were arranged in split plot design with randomized complete block design and three replications. The main plot was fertigation frequency which was consisted of three levels; 3, 5, and 7 times per day. The subplot was fertigation volume which was consisted of four levels; 100, 200, 300, and 400 ml per aplication. The result showed there was no interaction between fertigation frequency and volume on all observation. The best fertigation frequency on tuber weight per plant at 100 day after planting was five  times, i.e. 7, 10, 12, 14, and 16 o’clock. The best fertigation volume on number of big tuber at 100 day after planting was 300 ml per application. The best fertigation volume and frequency will increase not only seed production, but also profit of bussiness. Next research will be done to induction tuberization by transfering measurement of tuber to increase the amount of tuber as goal of production of G0 potato seed.</p><p> </p>

Abstrak. Sujitno E, Dianawati M. 2015. Produksi panen berbagai varietas unggul baru cabai rawit (Capsicum frutescens) di lahan kering Kabupaten Garut,. Rata-rata produksi cabai rawit per hektar di Jawa Barat sebesar 13,15 ton lebih tinggi daripada produksi nasional sebesar 5,75 ton, tetapi masih di bawah potensi hasilnya yang berkisar antara 12-20 ton. Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan produksi adalah dengan penggunaan varietas unggul baru. Saat ini petani masih banyak yang menggunakan varietas cabai rawit lokal dan menginginkan varietas unggul baru dengan produksi tinggi dan warna buah merah cerah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui respons berbagai varietas unggul baru terhadap produksi cabai rawit di lahan kering Kabupaten Garut, Jawa Barat. Percobaan dilaksanakan di Desa Jangkurang, Kecamatan Leles, Kabupaten Garut, Jawa Barat pada ketinggian 800 m dpl dari bulan Maret hingga Agustus 2013. Percobaan dilaksanakan di lahan kering dengan jenis tanah regosol. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 4 perlakuan varietas dan 6 ulangan dengan petani sebagai ulangan. Perlakuan varietas yang diuji adalah Kencana, Jossy, CR ASA 7, dan lokal. Data dianalisis dengan Anova dan apabila berbeda nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji kontras ortogonal dan uji korelasi pada P<0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produksi cabai rawit varietas unggul nyata lebih tinggi dibandingkan lokal. Peubah yang nyata paling berpengaruh terhadap produksi buah adalah tinggi tanaman (92%), diameter buah (89%), dan panjang buah (78%). Tidak ada perbedaan nyata terhadap produksi buah di antara varietas unggul baru. Namun demikian, Kencana merupakan varietas unggul baru cabai rawit berwarna merah cerah ketika buah masak yang disukai oleh petani. Kencana memiliki buah yang nyata lebih panjang dibandingkan kedua varietas unggul baru lainnya. Kata kunci: Cabai rawit, produksi, varietas Abstract. Sujitno E, Dianawati M. 2015. Harvest production of many new varieties of Capsicum frutescens in dry land on GarutDistrict, West Java. Pros Sem Nas Masy Biodiv Indon 1: 874-877. The average production per hectare of chili in West Java at 13.15 tons is higher than the national production of 5.75 tons, but it still below the potential production that ranges between 12-20 tons. One effort to increase production is the use of new varieties. Currently, there are many farmers who use local varieties of chili and want new varieties with high production and bright red fruit. The research objective was to determine the response of new varieties for the production of chili on dry land of Garut, West Java. The experiment was conducted in the Village of Jangkurang, Leles Subdistrict, Garut District, West Java at an altitude of 800 m asl. from March to August 2013. The experiment was conducted on dry land with soil type of regosol. The research was conducted with a Randomized Completed Block Design with four treatments and six replicates varieties with farmers as replications. Treatment varieties tested were Kencana, Jossy, ASA CR 7 and local chi...

Centella asiatica is an herbal plant with many health benefits due to the content of asiaticoside compounds. Factors affecting asiaticoside content are altitude, soil texture, and soil nutrient status. This research aimed to identify the effect of zeolite, P2O5 fertilizer, and soil media from different altitudes on C. asiatica. The research was conducted in a greenhouse from August 2017–June 2018. The experimental design was a factorial, completely randomized design with three factors and four replications. The first factor was soil media that originated from 100, 450, and 900 m above sea level (asl), the second factor was the dose of P2O5 fertilizer (0, 27, 54, and 81 kg ha−1), and the third was the dose of zeolite (0, 3, and 6 t ha−1). The results showed that applying zeolite minerals at all altitudes increased nutrient availability and soil cation exchange capacity (CEC) by up to 70%. The novelty of this study is that the soil from an altitude of 900 m asl, with a P2O5 fertilizer dose of 54 kg ha−1, has a loamy sand soil texture and produces the highest asiaticoside content (3.61%) and the largest plant dry weight (19.24 g). These results did not significantly differ from those obtained from the soil 450 m asl with a sandy loam soil texture (the most suitable soil texture for C. asiatica), that is 3.37% asiaticoside and 19.87 g plant dry weight. This study concluded that C. asiatica could develop in loamy sand soil by giving it 54 kg ha−1 P2O5 fertilizer.

Limited agricultural land areas combined with increasing demands for food require breakthroughs in land use development using agroforestry systems. Intercropping root crops with trees could be an alternative for food production in forest areas. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium (L.) Schott) farming on dry land within 12- and 42-year-old teak (Tectona grandis L.f.) forests to support local food security. The feasibility assessment took into account both productivity and socio-economic aspects. The agroforestry land productivity was measured using the land equivalent ratio (LER), and our analysis of the cocoyam farming within the teak stands was carried out using the revenue/cost ratio (R/C) at the demonstration plot scale. Furthermore, we also surveyed farmers’ perceptions of the production of cocoyam for food security. The results showed that the R/C values of cocoyam tuber production in agroforestry systems were lower than 1. However, the production rates of cocoyam tubers in the 12-year-old teak stand (48.3% light intensity) and the 42-year-old teak stand (62.5% light intensity) were 2.64 and 2.76 tons/ha, respectively. The overall yields from the teak and cocoyam agroforestry systems were more profitable than those of the monoculture system, as indicated by the LER values of 1.61 and 1.85. Cocoyam production was socially acceptable (77% of respondents) as a smallholder subsistence agroforestry practice to meet food demand. Increasing cocoyam productivity in teak forests requires the adoption of agroforestry silvicultural technology to achieve food security for rural communities. To increase their farming production and income, farmers could apply intensive silvicultural practices. Governmental support that could be provided includes encouraging product diversification and providing assistance for the processing and marketing of cocoyam products.