A history of pesticide exposure could be used as a risk factor for the occurrence of thyroid dysfunction in children living in agricultural areas.
Filariasis adalah penyakit infeksi yang disebabkan oleh cacing Wuchereria Bancrofti, Brugia Malayi, dan Brugia Timori yang menyebabkan cairan limfe tidak dapat tersalurkan dengan baik sehingga menyebabkan pembengkakan pada tungkai dan lengan. Meskipun tidak ada penyebab kematian tetapi menyebabakan cacat permanen dan stigma sosial. Eliminasi Filariasis dilakukan dengan Program Pengobatan Massal ke seluruh penduduk di daerah endemis setahun sekali selama 5 tahun. Keberhasilan program ini memerlukan kepatuhan minum obat pencegahan filariasis. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi ketidakpatuhan minum obat sebagai upaya pencegahan filariasis. Penelitian ini Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah penduduk berusia 15-65 tahun di dua kelurahan endemis yaitu kelurahan kuripan kertoharjo dan kelurahan jenggot selama mei-juli 2018. Sampel dalam penelitian ini 80 kasus dan 80 kontrol dengan teknik cluster random sampling. Variabel yang terbukti berpengaruh yaitu persepsi kerentanan negatif (OR=4,093) 95%CI=1,356-12,350 dan self efficacy negatif (OR=30,298) 95%CI=8,986-102,156. Persepsi kerentanan negatif dan self efficacy negatif merupakan faktor perilaku yang mempengaruhi ketidakpatuhan minum obat pencegahan filariasis. Diharapkan ada penelitian lanjutan tentang ketidakpatuhan minum obat pencegahan filariasis bukan berwujud persepsi tetapi dengan pengukuran faktor lingkungan sosial secara objektif dengan melakukan intervensi berupa perubahan perilaku. Kata kunci : Filariasis, Ketidakpatuhan, Minum Obat, Mix Method FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE DRINKING DRUG PREVENTION NON COMPLIANCE OF FILARIASIS IN PEKALONGAN CITY ABSTRACT Filariasis is an infectious disease caused by worms Wuchereria Bancrofti, Brugia Malayi, and Brugia Timori, adult worm lives and damage reulting in blockage of lymph channels, causing swelling of the legs and arms. Although no cause of death but causes permanent disability and social stigma. Filariasis elimination done with the Mass Treatment Program to the entire population in endemic areas a year for 5 year. Succesfully this program required a medication adherence. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence drug disobedience as an effort to prevent filariasis. This study uses a mix method. The population in this study were residents aged 15-65 years in two endemic villages, namely kuripan kertoharjo and jenggot villages during May-July 2018. Samples in this study were 80 cases and 80 controls with cluster random sampling technique. Variables that proved influential were perceptions of negative vulnerability (OR = 4,093) 95% CI = 1,356-12,350 and negative self efficacy (OR = 30,298) 95% CI = 8,986-102,156. Negative vulnerability perceptions and negative self efficacy are behavioral factors that influence non-compliance with filariasis prevention drugs. It is expected that further research on non-compliance with taking drugs to prevent filariasis is not a form of perception but objective measurement of social environmental factors by intervening in the form of behavior change. Keywords: Filariasis, Noncompliance, Medication, Mix Method
Latar belakang. Fototerapi dapat menurunkan kadar bilirubin total namun lama pemberian fototerapi masih belum jelas. Fototerapi di RS dr Kariadi biasanya dilakukan selama 12-24 jam berturut-turut tanpa memandang kadar bilirubin total awal.Tujuan. Menganalisis perbedaan rata-rata penurunan kadar bilirubin total dalam 6 jam, 12 jam, 18 jam, dan 24 jam setelah pemberian fototerapi.Metode. Penelitian kuasi eksperimental pada 40 neonatus hiperbilirubinemia, dibagi 4 kelompok (kelompok I: bilirubin total 13-15 mg/dL, fototerapi 6 jam; kelompok II: 16-17 mg/dL, fototerapi 12 jam; kelompok III: 18-20 mg/dL, fototerapi 18 jam dan kelompok IV: >20 mg/dL, fototerapi 24 jam), menggunakan 4 buah lampu biru khusus fluoresen (Philips TL52/20W), dengan jarak 50 cm. Keadaan hemolitik dan ASI merupakan variabel perancu yang mempengaruhi efek fototerapi. Uji Wilcoxon signed ranks test digunakan untuk menganalisa perbedaan rerata penurunan kadar bilirubin total terhadap lamanya fototerapi.Hasil. Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna penurunan kadar bilirubin total pada kelompok II dan III (p>0,05), sebaliknya ada perbedaan bermakna penurunan kadar bilirubin total pada kelompok IV (p<0,05). Setelah enam jam penurunan kadar bilirubin total terbesar terjadi pada kelompok IV (4,83±2,42 mg/dL). Pada akhir fototerapi, penurunan kadar bilirubin total pada kelompok I, II, III, dan IV adalah 3,14±1,86 mg/dL, 4,89±1,82 mg/dL, 7,96±1,94 mg/dL, dan 13,41±3,27 mg/dL. Tidak ada perbedaan bermakna kadar bilirubin total setelah fototerapi antara kelompok berdasarkan gambaran hemolitik atau pemberian ASI.Kesimpulan. Rerata penurunan kadar bilirubin total secara berurutan terdapat pada kadar bilirubin total >20mg/dL yang diberikan fototerapi selama 24 jam.
Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease that requires treatment for long periods of time so it can cause physical and psychological problems for sufferers and families (caregiver). Caregiver's role is expected to provide support for people with diabetes mellitus. Family psychoeducation is a strategy that can be applied for caregiver in overcoming problems that arise during the treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus.Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of family psychoeducation on caregiver support in the treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus type II.Methods: This research used a quasi experiment with pre-test post-test control group design. A total of 46 caregivers and patients with diabetes mellitus were recruited puposively, with 23 respondents assigned in the experiment and control group. Caregiver support scale was used to measure caregiver support, and Hensarling Diabetes Family Support Scale (HDFSS) for measuring perception of patients toward the treatment of caregiver. Data were analyzed using paired t-test and independent t-test. Results: Findings showed there was an increase of caregiver knowledge from 5.39 to 9.09 and an improvement of caregiver treatment from 40.30 to 67.04 after given family psychoeducation. There was a significant difference of caregiver support in the experimental and control group with p-value <0.001 (<0.05).Conclusion: Family psychoeducation can increase caregiver support in the treatment of diabetes mellitus patients. The intervention can be one of nurses interventions in the empowerment of family in improving the treatment of chronic diseases, particularly in diabetes mellitus.
Abstract. Djati RRAP, Kusnoputanto H, Utomo SW, Sakundarno M, Dewabrata PW, Duad HAH, Wicaksono MA. 2020. Short Communication: Leptospirosis control based on eco-social factors: Modeling combination in Demak, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 5818-5828. Ecological habitats and niches of leptospirosis as one of the environmental-based diseases need to be explored in an in-depth study based on eco-social analysis. The objective of this study was to develop an integrated leptospirosis control model based on eco-social factors. The location of the study was in Demak districts, Indonesia. Geographic coordinate data of cases during 2008-2018 were determined from the survey results of District Health Offices. Climatic and environmental data were obtained from Indonesian Meteorological, Climatological, Geophysical and Geospatial Information Agencies. Data on social factors were obtained by interviewing diseased persons using in-depth interview. Recorded cases and corresponding point location environmental data were then analyzed using ArcGIS and MaxEnt programs. Social network analysis was used to describe the factors involved in efforts to control leptospirosis and the relationship. The model predicted that the intervention was biological control, which had the highest leverage to reduce the morbidity rate. Health workers played an important role in efforts to control leptospirosis, although they were supported by self-supporting roles of the community. Management and control of natural and socio-environmental risk factors are very important. Combination model based on eco-social approach would be a useful tool to design and implement appropriate leptospirosis control.
Indonesia Indonesia is in the third rank of countries with the highest tuberculosis (TB) globally, with TB case detection still below 70%. The strategy in the TB control program to increase TB case detection is community partnership through the TB community. However, the role of this community in detecting TB suspects has never been reported. This study aimed to determine the role of the TB community in detecting TB suspects in the Probolinggo Regency. This research is descriptive qualitative research. The population was all TB community members is 130 people. The sample was a purposive sampling method, consideration until it met the data saturation, namely 29 respondents. The data were collected employing interviewed sheets, then analyzed with thematic content. Data triangulation by Head of Infectious Diseases, the Probolinggo Regency Health and five people from each TB community at Puskesmas. From the interviews, it was found that 23 people (79%) could not invite TB suspects to undergo examination, and 25 people (86%) had conducted counselling but were still unable to explain and convince the community of the importance of medical examinations for TB suspects. It is necessary to increase the capacity of TB community members to improve their roles in detecting TB cases.
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