Pesticide Exposure and Thyroid Function in Elementary School Children Living in an Agricultural Area, Brebes District, Indonesia

Suhartono, Suhartono; Kartini, Apoina; Subagio, Hertanto Wahyu; Budiyono, Budiyono; Utari, Agustini; Suratman, Suratman; Sakundarno, Mateus

doi:10.15171/ijoem.2018.1207

Cited by 22 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Six different DAPs, originating from degradation of potentially 28 OPs, were measured in morning spot urine samples. The mean TSH level in children who tested DAP positive was significantly higher than those children with undetectable levels of DAP (114).…”

Section: Epidemiological Evidence Of Thyroid Disruptionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Their main mode of action causes the accumulation of acetylcholine at the synaptic region. Their presence in blood or urine during early development has been associated with thyroid dysfunction (114), increase of hypothyroidism (91,139,140), brain function impairment (107,113), and increase in hormone-dependent cancer (115), which can be related to homeostatic imbalance.…”

Section: Epidemiological Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pesticides With Potential Thyroid Hormone-Disrupting Effects: A Review of Recent Data

et al. 2019

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Plant Protection Products, more commonly referred to as pesticides and biocides, are used to control a wide range of yield-reducing pests including insects, fungi, nematodes, and weeds. Concern has been raised that some pesticides may act as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) with the potential to interfere with the hormone systems of non-target invertebrates and vertebrates, including humans. EDCs act at low doses and particularly vulnerable periods of exposure include pre-and perinatal development. Of critical concern is the number of pesticides with the potential to interfere with the developing nervous system and brain, notably with thyroid hormone signaling. Across vertebrates, thyroid hormone orchestrates metamorphosis, brain development, and metabolism. Pesticide action on thyroid homeostasis can involve interference with TH production and its control, displacement from distributor proteins and liver metabolism. Here we focused on thyroid endpoints for each of the different classes of pesticides reviewing epidemiological and experimental studies carried out both in in vivo and in vitro. We conclude first, that many pesticides were placed on the market with insufficient testing, other than acute or chronic toxicity, and second, that thyroid-specific endpoints for neurodevelopmental effects and mixture assessment are largely absent from regulatory directives.

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Section: Epidemiological Evidence Of Thyroid Disruptionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Epidemiological Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticides With Potential Thyroid Hormone-Disrupting Effects: A Review of Recent Data

et al. 2019

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“…21 Involvement of pregnant women in agricultural activities puts them at risk of exposure to pesticides, for example, when farmers spray plants with pesticides in the fields while pregnant women are looking for pests or pulling grass from plants in the same area. Our previous study conducted in the same location, shows that pesticide exposure is a risk factor for developing goiter, 22 hypothyroidism, 23 and stunting in children 24 . The pesticides used in the study region were classified as EDCs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

The Relationship between Pesticide Exposure and Umbilical Serum IGF-1 Levels and Low-birth Weight: A Case-control Study in Brebes, Indonesia

Widyawati

Suhartono

Mexitalia

et al. 2020

Int J Occup Environ Med

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Background: Birth weight is very important for long-term physical, mental, health, and brain development. Pesticide exposure is thought to interfere with fetal growth, among others, through disruption of the function of the insulin-like growth hormone-1 (IGF-1) hormone. Objective: To analyze the relationship between exposure to pesticides during pregnancy and low-birth weight (LBW) through the disruption of the IGF-1 hormone. Methods: In a case-control study, babies born with LBW (birth weight <2500 g) and those born later with normal birth weight (≥2500 g) at 2 hospitals in Brebes were chosen as cases and controls, respectively. Maternal pesticide exposure was measured by interview using a questionnaire. Umbilical serum IGF-I level was tested using the ELISA method. Results: There was a significant relationship between pesticide exposure during pregnancy and LBW (OR 6.8; 95% CI 2.0 to 22.9) and low umbilical serum IGF-1 levels (OR 3.6; 95% CI 1.2 to 11.1). There was a significant relationship between low umbilical serum IGF-1 levels and LBW (OR 8.9; 95% CI 2.4 to 32.1). Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between pesticide exposure during pregnancy and LBW through the umbilical serum IGF-1 reduction pathway.

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“…Recently, Paul et al [ 30 ] presented evidence of faster cognitive decline and mortality among older Mexican Americans with a history of chronic environmental OP exposure due to residential proximity to agricultural settings. The association between environmental exposure to pesticides and neurodegenerative diseases has also been demonstrated [ 31 ], as well as the relationship with other pathologies such as thyroid dysfunction [ 32 ], cancer [ 33 ] or reproductive disorders, especially for pesticides with endocrine activity [ 34 ]. In summary, there are few cross-sectional, analytical studies considering environmentally-exposed adult populations with cumulative past exposure to OP/CB pesticides, which have associated exposure to the early endpoints of neuropsychological and neurobehavioral impairment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced neurobehavioral functioning in agricultural workers and rural inhabitants exposed to pesticides in northern Chile and its association with blood biomarkers inhibition

et al. 2020

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Background Previous biomonitoring studies have shown that people in the rural population of Coquimbo, the major agricultural area in northern Chile are being occupationally and environmentally exposed to organophosphate/carbamate (OP/CB) pesticides. Given their harmful effects, this study had two aims; first, to evaluate the effect of cumulative or chronic exposure to OP/CB pesticides on the neurobehavioral performance of agricultural workers and rural inhabitants; second, to determine if changes in the neurobehavioral performance are associated to changes in blood biomarkers of OP/CB pesticides during the spray season, when exposure is higher. Methods For the first aim, a cross sectional study of neurobehavioral performance in adult volunteers (men and women, 18–50 years-old, right-handed) was carried out in the pre-spray season. Sampling was done by convenience and a questionnaire was used to categorize participants depending on their level of chronic exposure, as either: occupationally exposed (OE, n = 87), environmentally exposed (EE, n = 81), or non-exposed controls or reference group (RG, n = 100). A neurobehavioral test battery consisting of 21 tests to measure cognitive, motor and emotional state was applied. For the second aim, neurobehavioral measures were taken a second time from EE and OE groups during the spray season, and their exposure corroborated by blood-based biomarker inhibition. Results Lower neurobehavioral performance was observed in the pre-spray evaluation of EE and OE groups compared to the non-exposed, OE being the worst performing group. Seasonal exposure impaired performance in both exposure groups on all tests except those on attention and mood. Data modeling of the basal (pre-spray) measurements showed that the level of exposure was the best predictor of performance. During spraying, inhibition of BChE activity in the EE group was the best predictor of low performance in tests measuring logical, auditory and visual memory, inhibitory control of cognitive interference, constructional and planning abilities, executive functions, and motor speed and coordination. Conclusion Long-term occupational or environmental exposure to pesticides caused impairment in neurobehavioral functioning, which worsened during the spraying season, mainly in EE. BChE inhibition was the best predictor for seasonal neurobehavioral changes in EE.

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Pesticide Exposure and Thyroid Function in Elementary School Children Living in an Agricultural Area, Brebes District, Indonesia

Abstract: A history of pesticide exposure could be used as a risk factor for the occurrence of thyroid dysfunction in children living in agricultural areas.

Cited by 22 publications

References 21 publications

Pesticides With Potential Thyroid Hormone-Disrupting Effects: A Review of Recent Data

Pesticides With Potential Thyroid Hormone-Disrupting Effects: A Review of Recent Data

The Relationship between Pesticide Exposure and Umbilical Serum IGF-1 Levels and Low-birth Weight: A Case-control Study in Brebes, Indonesia

Reduced neurobehavioral functioning in agricultural workers and rural inhabitants exposed to pesticides in northern Chile and its association with blood biomarkers inhibition

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