Recovery and reusability of catalysts is an important aspect in modern catalysis research especially in organic synthesis. Compared to the conventional separation, magnetic separation has emerged as a robust, highly efficient, easy and rapid separation technique for products and catalysts. Cobalt ferrite nanoparticles are a well-known material, recognized as CoFe2O4MNPs, and can be used as both catalyst and a versatile support for functionalization of metals, organocatalysts. In recent times, catalysis research has clearly experienced a renaissance in the area of utility of cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4MNPs) nanocatalysts based on their ability for recovery and reusability; the activity of these CoFe2O4MNPs was investigated in a category of organic reactions. In this review, the fabrication, characterization, and application of cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4MNPs) nanocatalysts (CF-MNPs) in organic reactions have well summarized.

The sulfoxidation of sulfides have received special attention in organic synthesis especially in medical chemistry because compounds containing S=O bonds (sulfoxides) are privileged structural scaffolds for building pharmacologically and biologically active molecules. Magnetic separation is an efficient strategy for the rapid separation of catalysts from reaction medium and an alternative to time-, solvent-, and energy-consuming separation techniques. In recent times, many protocols based on using magnetically recoverable nano-catalysts have been reported for the oxidation of sulfides to the sulfoxides. This review is focused on metal complexes, acid, and bromine reagents supported on magnetic nanoparticles and their applications as magnetically recoverable nano-catalysts in the sulfoxidation reactions.

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A palladium S-benzylisothiourea complex was anchored on functionalized MCM-41 (Pd-SBT@MCM-41) and applied as efficient and reusable catalyst for the synthesis of 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles using [2 + 3] cycloaddition reaction of various organic nitriles with sodium azide (NaN 3 ) in poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) as green solvent. Also this catalyst was applied as an versatile organometallic catalyst for Suzuki cross-coupling reaction of aryl halides and phenylboronic acid (PhB(OH) 2 ) or sodium tetraphenyl borate (NaB(Ph) 4 ). This nanocatalyst was characterized by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) and N 2 adsorption-desorption isotherms techniques. Recovery of the catalyst is easily achieved by centrifugation for several consecutive runs.

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