Cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CoFe₂O₄ MNPs) as catalyst and support: magnetically recoverable nanocatalysts in organic synthesis

Abstract

Recovery and reusability of catalysts is an important aspect in modern catalysis research especially in organic synthesis. Compared to the conventional separation, magnetic separation has emerged as a robust, highly efficient, easy and rapid separation technique for products and catalysts. Cobalt ferrite nanoparticles are a well-known material, recognized as CoFe2O4MNPs, and can be used as both catalyst and a versatile support for functionalization of metals, organocatalysts. In recent times, catalysis research has clearly experienced a renaissance in the area of utility of cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4MNPs) nanocatalysts based on their ability for recovery and reusability; the activity of these CoFe2O4MNPs was investigated in a category of organic reactions. In this review, the fabrication, characterization, and application of cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4MNPs) nanocatalysts (CF-MNPs) in organic reactions have well summarized.

Magnetically Recoverable Catalysts: Catalysis in Synthesis of Polyhydroquinolines

“…Since the acids are often liquid or expensive, their separation from the reaction media can be regarded as the most important concern of organic chemists . Therefore, designing and fabricating strong solid acids and their utility as catalyst in organic reactions have been viewed as the fundamental challenge ahead of organic synthesis, in particular from the green chemistry point of view . In fact, the immobilization of acidic functional groups on magnetic nanoparticles and their catalytic utility in chemical and organic reactions can be considered as the ideal and fascinating solutions to overcome this blind spot due to the fact that the catalyst can be readily separated from the reaction media by an external magnet.…”

“…Formerly, catalysis of chemical and organic reactions by acids has been always a hot research target in organic‐synthesis catalysis. Since the acids are often liquid or expensive, their separation from the reaction media can be regarded as the most important concern of organic chemists . Therefore, designing and fabricating strong solid acids and their utility as catalyst in organic reactions have been viewed as the fundamental challenge ahead of organic synthesis, in particular from the green chemistry point of view .…”

“…Catalysis research under bromine is a well‐known topic in organic synthesis . However, the hazardous and toxic nature of bromine and its negative and deleterious effects on the human health have forced the organic chemists to avoid working on bromine . Furthermore, the separation of bromine‐source catalysts from the desired products or the reaction media is a difficult, tedious and time‐consuming task and needs a series of costly and specific techniques .…”

“…However, the hazardous and toxic nature of bromine and its negative and deleterious effects on the human health have forced the organic chemists to avoid working on bromine . Furthermore, the separation of bromine‐source catalysts from the desired products or the reaction media is a difficult, tedious and time‐consuming task and needs a series of costly and specific techniques . In order to overcome this drawback, the hetrogenazition of bromine sources on magnetic nanoparticles can be considered as an efficient and fascinating catalytic system, due to the fact that the catalyst can be readily separated from the reaction mixture by an external magnet .…”

CoFe2O4@SiO2‐CPTES‐Guanidine‐Cu(II): A novel and reusable nanocatalyst for the synthesis of 2,3‐dihydroquinazolin‐4(1H)‐ones and polyhydroquinolines and oxidation of sulfides

“…Heterogeneous catalysts have unique properties such as high surface to volume ratio, thermal, mechanical and chemical stability, and insolubility in aqueous and organic environments. In recent years, one of the important applications of nanotechnology has been in the field of catalyst activity and preparation of nanocatalysts for use as heterogeneous catalysts in organic reactions . Nanocatalysts are divided into two types: magnetic and nonmagnetic.…”