An acetate-negative mutant of Yarrowia lipolytica Wratislavia K1 was selected that, when grown with 300 g raw glycerol l(-1) at pH 3, produced 170 g erythritol l(-1) after 7 days, corresponding to a 56% yield and a productivity of 1 g l(-1) h(-1). The Wratislavia K1 strain did not produce citric acid.

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Several factors affecting erythritol production from glycerol by Yarrowia lipolytica Wratislavia K1 strain were examined in batch fermentations. Ammonium sulfate, monopotassium phosphate, and sodium chloride were identified as critical medium components that determine the ratio of polyols produced. The central composite rotatable experimental design was used to optimize medium composition for erythritol production. The concentrations of ammonium sulfate, monopotassium phosphate, and sodium chloride in the optimized medium were 2.25, 0.22, and 26.4 g L(-1), respectively. The C:N ratio was found as 81:1. In the optimized medium with 100 g L(-1) of glycerol the Wratislavia K1 strain produced 46.9 g L(-1) of erythritol, which corresponded to a 0.47 g g(-1) yield and a productivity of 0.85 g L(-1) hr(-1). In the fed-batch mode and medium with the total concentration of glycerol at 300 g L(-1) and C:N ratio at 81:1, 132 g L(-1) of erythritol was produced with 0.44 g g(-1) yield and a productivity of 1.01 g L(-1) hr(-1.)

AHF is a heterogeneous syndrome with a very high remote mortality. LAVDs administered during the hospital stay as well as older age on admission correlate with higher long-term overall mortality. In the age of percutaneous coronary intervention, AMI aetiology of pulmonary oedema is no longer a negative prognostic factor for the long-term prognosis.

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