Noormohammadi Z, Taban M, Farahani F. 2018. Short Communication: The impact of Gamma radiation on Tdc and Str gene expressions in Catharanthus roseus regenerated plantlets. Biodiversitas 19: 1805-1810. Catharanthus roseus L.G. Don, is the essential medicinal plant with considerable attention. This plant is a rich source of terpenoid indole alkaloids (TIAs). The main alkaloids in C. roseus are vinblastine, vincristine, and ajmalicine. The tryptophan decarboxylase (Tdc) and Strictosidine synthase (Str) are key enzymes in TIA biosynthesis. In the present study, Tdc and Str gene expressions, as well as vinblastine production were evaluated in tissue culture regenerated plantlets in 4 groups; control, 60 Gy irradiation, 50 mg/L putrescine and 60 Gy irradiation + 50mg/L putrescine treatments. The results revealed significant increase in Tdc and Str gene expressions in 60 Gy irradiation + 50mg/L putrescine treated plantlets in comparison with control samples by using qPCR methods. HPLC analysis showed a higher amount of vinblastine in 60 Gy + 59 mg/L putrescine treated plantlets. Gamma radiation and putrescine as elicitor and polyamine, respectively, are able to improve vinblastine production in C. roseus.
The objective of the research was to know the species of epiphytic orchids in Jobolarangan forest. The orchid samples were taken from all stand-plants. The plants were chosen randomly by considering the diversity and richness of orchids that attach on it. Each plant was sampled in three repetitions. Sampling of orchids existence in the plant’s stand were done using transect method through a zonation system. In this research 11 epiphyticorchids such as Bulbophyllum bakhuizenii Stenn, Coelogyne miniata Lindl, Coelogyne rochussenii de Vr.,Dendrobium bigibbum Lindl., Dendrobchilum longifolium, Eria bogoriensis, J.J.S. Liparis caespitosa (Thou.) Lindl., Liparis pallida (Bl.). Pholidota globosa (Bl.) Lindl., Polystachya flavescens (Bl.) J.J.S., and Trichoglottis sp. were found. The host plant stand that was attached with most orchids was Schefflera fastigiata and Saurauia bracteosa, generally in zone three.© 2001 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: epiphytic orchids, host plants, diversity.
The objectives of this research were to find out the influence and optimal different shading on growth, nitrogen, carotenoid, and chlorophyll content of Gynura procumbens leaf. Research was carried out in the greenhouse of Faculty of Agriculture Sebelas Maret University and Central Laboratory Sebelas Maret University Surakarta, in June until October 2003. Completely randomized design with single factor was used as follow: 0%, 40%, and 70% shading with 10 replications each treatment. Observation including growth parameters (plant height, surface leaf’s area, dry weight) and the contents of nitrogen, chlorophyll, and carotenoid. Data collected were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by DMRT test at 5% confidence level and regression test. The result indicated that 40% shading had proven to increase growth parameters, 70% shading giving significant effect on nitrogen and chlorophyll content, while 0% shading showed to increase carotenoid content.
The aims of this research were to study application effect on growth, saponin content and tissue nitrogen of common plantain (Plantago major L.). P. major was one of plant which has potency as a medicinal plant. The addition of GA3 exogenous to the plant would cause GA3 binding with receptor protein in the plasma membrane region, which caused specific gene activation, so that specific RNA molecule formed, and would trigger one or more enzyme forming which regulate plant growth and influence protein synthesis also plant secondary metabolite production. Data elicited by completely randomized design (CRD) with single factor (GA3 application). The application of GA3 was done once a week for two months, with following concentrations: 0 ppm, 25 ppm, 50 ppm, 75 ppm and 100 ppm, each treatment with five replications. The measurement of leaves width, dry weight, saponin content and nitrogen tissue were done after harvest. Data obtained were analyzed by using analysis of variance (ANOVA), and followed by DMRT 5% confidence level. The result showed that GA3 application giving significant effect to dry weight and saponin content, but was not give significant effect to leaves width and tissue nitrogen content. The highest GA3 concentration for increased leaves width was 50 ppm. The highest dry weight and saponin content was on 75 ppm GA3 application, whereas for the highest tissue nitrogen was on 25 ppm GA3 treatment.
Permatasari A, Sugiyarto, Marsusi, Hailu WH. 2015. Transplantation of carica (Vasconcellea pubescens) at various altitudes of Mount Lawu, Central Java with treatment of shade and different types of fertilizers. Nusantara Bioscience 7: 6-14. Ex-situ conservation efforts to increase crop production can be done by means of transplantation. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of altitude, shade and type of fertilizer and their interactions to the performance of carica (Vasconcellea pubescens) vegetative plants transplanted to Mount Lawu, Central Java, Indonesia. The research was conducted in divided plot design at three altitudes (± 1400, 1600 and 1800 m asl.) with shade treatment as main plots and fertilizer (manure, Zwavelzuur ammonium/ZA fertilizer, combination of manure with Ammonium fertilizer, and control) as subplots. Parameters of vegetative variability were observed. The results of the performance of carica vegetative plant were analyzed using ANOVA followed by Duncan's test at 5% standard test. It was observed that an increase in altitude caused slower growth of carica vegetative parts, but better vegetative growth performance in the presence of shade. For the fertilizers, the best growth parameters were obtained in the treatment of manure with ZA fertilizer. Interaction between altitude, shade and type of fertilizer significantly influenced the performance of carica vegetative parameters. The best growth parameters are at an altitude of 1400 m above sea level with shade treatment and manure combined with ZA fertilizer.
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