ABSTRAKBuah sawo (Manilkara achras (Mill.) Fosberg) merupakan buah klimaterik yang mempunyai kulit tipis dan cepat matang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji pengaruh konsentrasi pelapisan kitosan dan suhu simpan terhadap sifat fisik dan kimiawi buah sawo serta menentukan konsentrasi pelapisan kitosan dan suhu simpan yang paling optimum untuk memperpanjang masa simpan buah sawo. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Split Plot Design pola faktorial dengan dua faktor, yaitu suhu penyimpanan terdiri dari tiga taraf (5 °C, 15 °C, 25 °C) sebagai faktor utama dan konsentrasi kitosan yang terdiri dari empat taraf (0%, 2%, 3%, 4%) sebagai sub faktor. Setiap kombinasi dengan lima ulangan. Data dianalisis menggunakan Analisis Varian (ANAVA) kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada taraf uji 5%. Buah dengan umur fisiologis sama, berat 100 -120 g dipanen dari satu pohon. Buah diberi perlakuan pelapisan kitosan dan disimpan pada temperatur yang berbeda, selanjutnya diamati sampai buah tidak layak dikonsumsi. Parameter yang diamati adalah tebal lapisan kitosan berbagai konsentrasi pada kulit buah, permeabilitas membran kitosan terhadap uap air dan O 2 , masa simpan, kekerasan buah, kandungan klorofil dan karotenoid serta laju respirasi. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan semakin tinggi konsentrasi kitosan, semakin terhambat masuknya uap air dan oksigen ke dalam kulit buah, tetapi konsentrasi kitosan 4% dan suhu 5 °C menyebabkan lapisan kitosan mengelupas. Perlakuan konsentrasi pelapisan kitosan (0%, 2%, 3%, 4%) dan suhu simpan (5 °C, 15 °C, 25 °C) serta interaksinya mengakibatkan semakin tinggi konsentrasi kitosan, kekerasan buah sawo semakin meningkat, juga kadar klorofil kulit buah. Semakin buah matang kadar karotenoid semakin meningkat, demikian juga kadar CO 2 . Kadar oksigen semakin menurun seiring dengan pemasakan buah. Perlakuan optimum untuk mempertahankan masa simpan buah sawo adalah perlakuan pelapisan kitosan 3% dan suhu simpan 5 °C.Kata kunci: Kitosan; karakter fisik; sawo (Manilkara achras (Mill.) Fosberg); suhu ABSTRACT Sapodilla (Manilkara achras (Mill.) Fosberg) is a climacteric and highly perishable fruit with thin peel. The objectives of this study were: (1) to examine the effect of chitosan coating concentrations and storage temperature on the physical and chemical characteristics of sapodilla and (2) to determine the chitosan coating concentrations and the optimum storage temperature for the storage of sapodilla. Factorial Split-Plot Design was used in this experiment: three levels
The aims of this research were to: (i) study the effects of gibberellic acid (GA3) to the growth of Boehmeria nivea L. Gaudich, and (ii) study the effects of gibberellic acid (GA3) to the cellulose and lignin content of B. nivea. GA3 could delivered starch hydrolysis that could support α-amylase formation that would increase glucose. Increasing glucose concentration caused the rising of osmotic pressure inside the cell so that the cells expand. The initial synthetic path of cellulose was glucose, as well as lignin. If GA3 could increased the glucose amount in plant, then the cellulose and lignin amount also increased. This experiment use Completely Random Design with one factor, they are concentration gibberellic acid that consist of 6 treatment concentration are GA3 0 ppm, GA3 50 ppm, GA3 100 ppm, GA3 150 ppm, GA3 200 ppm, and GA3 250 ppm. The treatment to the rhizome had been done before it was planted. Some parameters like growth and anatomy parameter are measured. The results showed that treatment GA3 affect to the improvement of bud stem diameter, length of bud stem, the wet weight, dry weight, length of phloem bundle, phloem number, and lignin content but they does not affect to the change of bud number, leaf number, and cellulose content. The treatment of GA3 on GA3 200 ppm show the maximum result to the improvement of bud stem diameter, length of bud stem, the wet weight, dry weight, length of phloem bundle, phloem number, and cellulose content The treatment of GA3 on GA3 250 ppm show maximum result to the improvement of bud number, leaf number, and lignin content.
Talinum paniculatum Gaertn. known as “ginseng jawa†is one of medicinal plant which has an important role as an aphrodisiac. The plant contains several active substances (secondary metabolites), there are saponin, alkaloid, essential oil, resin, tannin, flavonoid, glycoside, and sterol. The aims of this research were to know the effect of water availability on growth and saponin content of T. paniculatum. The experiment was installed as a completely randomized design, with one treatment and 5 replicates. The drought condition was be indicated with water availability of media on 4 level, that was 40% field capacity (drought/temporary wilting point), 60% field capacity, 80% field capacity, and 100% field capacity (waterlogged). The plants were being grown in the greenhouse. The result of the research indicated that the growth of T. paniculatum was be inhibited by drought condition. The lower of water availability had impacted on the lower of growth parameters (dry weight, water use efficiency, relative growth rate), but oppositely, the lower of water availability, the higher of saponin content. The drought condition (40% field capacity) had resulted the highest saponin content. The waterlogged condition (100% field capacity) had resulted the lowest saponin content.
The aim of this research was to study the physiological characters of kimpul [Xanthosoma sagittifolium (L.) Schott] in various light intensity (shading) and water availability. The physiological characters are growth, photosynthetic apparatus, tissue nitrogen and polyphenol content. Information about physiological character of tannia is important in order to their cropping development. The research done in randomize complete block design with 2 factors and 3 replicates. The first factor was light intensity (shading) in 3 levels (0%, 55%, and 75%). The second factor was water availability in 4 different fields capacities (40%, 60%, 80% and 100%). The treatments were be done in 6 weeks. There were 8 parameters measured (plant height, dry plant weight, total chlorophyll content, stomata index, nitrogen and polyphenol content. The data were analyzed by analysis of varians, followed by DMRT in 5% confident level. The result showed that the plant height significantly affected by the combinations of treatment (shading and water availability). The treatment also influenced the total chlorophyll content and leaf nitrogen content. The treatment didn't give significantly effect on stomata index, and pholyphenol content.
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