Human skin and hair can simultaneously feel pressure, temperature, humidity, strain, and fl ow-great inspirations for applications such as artifi cial skins for burn and acid victims, robotics, and vehicular technology. Previous efforts in this direction use sophisticated materials or processes. Chemically functionalized, inkjet printed or vacuum-technology-processed papers albeit cheap have shown limited functionalities. Thus, performance and/or functionalities per cost have been limited. Here, a scalable "garage" fabrication approach is shown using off-the-shelf inexpensive household elements such as aluminum foil, scotch tapes, sticky-notes, napkins, and sponges to build "paper skin" with simultaneous real-time sensing capability of pressure, temperature, humidity, proximity, pH, and fl ow. Enabling the basic principles of porosity, adsorption, and dimensions of these materials, a fully functioning distributed sensor network platform is reported, which, for the fi rst time, can sense the vitals of its carrier (body temperature, blood pressure, heart rate, and skin hydration) and the surrounding environment.

To augment the quality of our life, fully compliant personalized advanced health-care electronic system is pivotal. One of the major requirements to implement such systems is a physically flexible high-performance biocompatible energy storage (battery). However, the status-quo options do not match all of these attributes simultaneously and we also lack in an effective integration strategy to integrate them in complex architecture such as orthodontic domain in human body. Here we show, a physically complaint lithium-ion micro-battery (236 μg) with an unprecedented volumetric energy (the ratio of energy to device geometrical size) of 200 mWh/cm 3 after 120 cycles of continuous operation. Our results of 90% viability test confirmed the battery's biocompatibility. We also show seamless integration of the developed battery in an optoelectronic system embedded in a threedimensional printed smart dental brace. We foresee the resultant orthodontic system as a personalized advanced health-care application, which could serve in faster bone regeneration and enhanced enamel health-care protection and subsequently reducing the overall health-care cost.

there is still a lack of understanding in the area of the stretchable and size-variable display. As a futuristic application, we can envision a next-generation display or solid-state lighting system, which could change its size or typically make reconfigurable itself. For instance, by utilizing highly stretchable or expandable display, a small screen-sized mobile phone may be rehabilitated into large screen-sized tablet or laptop. Likewise, we can attain a stretchable and fashionable electronic clothing with built-in electronic functionalities and biocompatible light sources by simply stretching the display. The potential applications of these devices consist of the stretchable in vivo medical devices/ robotic systems, multifunctional expandable mobile phones, smart TV, and illumination systems. A conceptual outline and associated problem with existing Ecoflex-substrate-based stretchable device are shown in Figure 1.As of today, most commonly used strategies to attain the stretchable platforms for display include the combination of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with soft and rubbery materials, i.e., placing rigid LEDs along with elastic interconnects onto a soft substrate or using compliant LEDs that are intrinsically stretchable. [18][19][20] For instance, White et al. demonstrated a display-compatible ultrathin (2 µm) red and orange polymer LEDs, which showed the enhanced mechanical stability. [21] Although the abovementioned systems have demonstrated the promising results in terms of stretchability and efficiency, these devices have critical limitations. First, during stretching the electrical resistance of stretchable electrodes increases under tensile stresses. Previous studies have proposed various techniques to resolve the stated issue, i.e., perforated 3D net-shaped nanostructures in the PDMS, [22] inkjet-printed stretchable silver electrodes, [23] and using various interconnects with/without embedded PDMS. [24,25] Nevertheless, the outcome and efficiency of these devices are still far below than the essential level. Secondly and most importantly, devices that comprise the stretchable display, experience the degraded or lower pixel resolution during their operation. The reason for this deficiency could be regarded to the growing gaps between simultaneous LEDs or lower pixel density when expandable displays stretch out. Therefore, to get the highly efficient reconfigurable display a more realistic and novel platform is needed.Here, we propose, a reconfigurable and size-variable platform, which is capable to provide the highly efficient display The stretchable display might play a crucial role in transforming many potential applications including wearable electronics, flexible displays for smart TV/devices, health monitoring wristbands, and illumination systems. To date, the most commonly used stretchable displays include the installation of lightemitting diodes (LEDs) onto a compliant substrate. However, they have critical limitations such as an increase in resistance and degradation of pixel resolution due...

electronic systems and aluminum-based (Al) sensors interconnected by inkjet and conductive foils, and packaged with 3D printing technology. In the past, we have observed exciting demonstrations of roll-to-roll printing of carbon nanotubes and organic electronics, but this is the first time, such roll-toroll assembly is demonstrated with high-quality electronics and high-throughput manufacturing based on polymeric and cellulose materials.In the future, most IoE applications (Figure 1a) will be data relevant, where sensors and actuators will be integrated monolithically or heterogeneously with fast, low-power, and highperformance logic and radio-frequency (RF) devices. For this reason, future electronics will need to go through a design revolution with new and more sophisticated materials, and new processing techniques including packaging and printing of free-form electronics. We present a practical route for highthroughput manufacturing of fully packaged decal future electronic systems that are affordable, compact, lightweight, and reliable for broad implementation of wearable electronic systems and ubiquitous computing to realize IoE. Rigorous mechanical and electrical characteristics study shows reliable performance during bending, packaging, and interconnecting of electronic and sensing devices.As illustrated in Figure 1b-g, we first transform rigid and bulky state-of-the-art complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) electronics (thin film transistor circuitry and sensors) into flexible electronics to allow conformal and intimate integration of electronic devices and sensors with naturally flexible organic and inorganic surfaces. The fabricated circuits were selected to show that building blocks for memory (NAND and NOR), data processing (logic gates), buffering (inverters), and sensor readout (ring-oscillator) can be fabricated, transformed, interconnected, and packaged. The fabricated sensors were selected to target applications such as electronic skin (humidity and strain) and home appliance patch electronics (humidity). Figure 1h shows the fabricated electronic decals at different bending states and the contact formation for the fabricated circuits using narrow strips of aluminum (Al) foil (resistivity = 3.83 × 10 −8 Ω m). We cut the Al foil ribbons with a standard metal laser cutter that

Imaging is one of the important wonders of today's world. While everyday millions of snaps are taken, new advances like panoramic imaging have become increasingly popular. However, as of today an imaging system which can simultaneously capture images from all 360° viewpoints with a single sensor has not been achieved. Here, we show a physically flexible and stretchable version of arrayed silicon photodiodes made from low-cost bulk monocrystalline silicon (100) that can capture simultaneous omnidirectional images. The present report, with multiple wavelength detection, fast photoresponsivity, a wide viewing angle, selective aberration, and dynamic focusing enabled by 3D printed pneumatic actuators (note, today millions of image sensors can be integrated in mm2 area), overcomes previous demonstrations of only hemispherical photodetection capability. Such imaging capability will make unmanned air vehicles or self-driven cars safer, affordable augmented and virtual reality and more importantly, in-vivo biomedical imaging will be more effective.

CitationNassar JM, Sevilla GAT, Velling SJ, Cordero MD, Hussain MM (2016)

Using low‐cost recyclable household materials such as paper and aluminum foil, Muhammad M. Hussain and co‐workers construct a paper‐based artificial skin in article 1600004. The flexible platform comprises a 3D‐stacked architecture, with an array of multi‐purpose pressure, temperature, and humidity sensors. The paper skin is capable of simultaneous real‐time detection of various external stimuli such as pressure, touch, temperature, humidity, proximity, pH, and air flow.

In article number 1600175, Muhammad M. Hussain and co‐workers report a highly manufacturable heterogeneous integration strategy to combine complementary metal oxide semiconductor electronics, inkjet printing for interconnection, 3D printing for packaging, and roll‐to‐roll printing of decal electronics. The flexible electronic system shows reliable electrical performance, large‐scale integration density as well as multifunctionality under extreme mechanical conditions.