ESCARABAJAL (Marie-Claude). — Schemes of interpretation and resolution of arithmetic problems.
Among present cognitive theories, the theory of schemes allows an approach of understanding and construction processes of a representation in the course of the reading of texts which are, in this particular case, the term of the problem.
Papel de la enunciación en la solución de los problemas aritméticos. - Comparan los autores los procedimientos empleados por alumnos de CM2 mientras solucionan el mismo problema arithmético según que se presente el enunciado con forma clásica o con forma enriquecida por elementos del contexto (llamados enunciado-relato).
The interconcept organization of verbs and nouns were studied by examining the stability of organizations in three tasks a) a unconstrainded sort task, in which subjects sorted sets of 16 verbs or 16 nouns into clusters as they wanted ; b) a semantic sort task, in which subjets sorted sets of 16 verbs or 16 nouns into clusters based on meaning ; c) a script sort task, in which subjets sorted sets of 16 verbs or 16 nouns into clusters based on situations. This study show that only the clusters of nouns are affected by the different tasks, and confirmed our hypothesis that there are functional and conceptual differences between nouns and verbs.
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