Several evidences suggest that cancer cells have abnormal cholesterol biosynthetic pathways and prenylation of small guanosine triphosphatase proteins. Tomato lycopene has been suggested to have beneficial effects against certain types of cancer, including that of prostate, although the exact molecular mechanism(s) is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that lycopene may exert its antitumor effects through changes in mevalonate pathway and in Ras activation. Incubation of the Ras-activated prostatic carcinoma LNCaP cells with a 24 h lycopene treatment (2.5-10 μM) dose dependently reduced intracellular total cholesterol by decreasing 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase expression and by inactivating Ras, as evidenced by its translocation from cell membranes to cytosol. Concomitantly, lycopene reduced the Ras-dependent activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB). Such a reduction was parallel to an inhibition of reactive oxygen species production and to a decrease in the phosphorylation ofc-jun N-terminal kinase, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and p38. These effects were also accompanied by an arrest of cell cycle progression and by apoptosis induction, as evidenced by a decrease in cyclin D1 and phospho-AKT levels and by an increase in p21, p27 and p53 levels and in Bax:Bcl-2 ratio. The addition of mevalonate prevented the growth-inhibitory effects of lycopene as well as its increase in Ras cytoplasmatic accumulation and the subsequent changes in NF-κB. The ability of lycopene in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase expression and cell growth and in inactivating Ras was also found in prostate PC-3, colon HCT-116 and HT-29 and lung BEN cancer cells. These findings provide a novel mechanistic insight into the growth-inhibitory effects of lycopene in cancer.

We identify miR-23b as a novel regulator of VSMC phenotypic switch in vitro and following vascular injury in vivo.

Resumen Se analiza la constitución de la pediatría como un saber médico especializado en Buenos Aires, entre 1890 y 1920. Se busca mostrar que este proceso resulta de un doble movimiento: la delimitación y caracterización del niño como un particular objeto de conocimiento e intervención y la institucionalización de ciertos médicos como un grupo profesional que procura legitimar su especificidad tanto hacia el interior de la medicina como en el campo social más amplio. Luego de contextualizar socio históricamente las preocupaciones del saber médico acerca de la infancia, se profundiza en el modo en que ésta es construida, así como en el movimiento asociativo y académico que permite a los pediatras constituirse como un grupo de especialistas portadores de un saber experto.

The occurrence of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), or other myeloproliferative diseases, after the development of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is very rare in the current medical literature. Considering the advances in ITP management, and the wide use of new drugs for ITP and CML, we report an unusual case with this association. Our case report focused on a 64-year-old man with long-standing ITP treated with eltrombopag, who developed hyperleukocytosis during follow-up; after specific laboratory exams, it was diagnosed as CML and he began treatment with imatinib. The treatment with eltrombopag was balanced with imatinib to stabilize his platelet count. Data on bcr-abl and JAK2 transcripts were collected and revealed an optimal response with the achievement of negativization of both molecular signatures. We could demonstrate that treatment with imatinib and eltrombopag was well tolerated and allowed complete molecular remission of CML to be achieved, as well as of ITP.

En este trabajo reflexionamos sobre las percepciones, prácticas y representaciones de un conjunto de jóvenes indígenas qom residentes en la periferia de la ciudad de La Plata, Argentina. En el marco de la línea de investigación que venimos desarrollando desde hace más de veinticinco años, mostramos los resultados de un momento particular, en el que problematizamos los modos en que se construye la identidad juvenil, el “ser joven” en ámbitos de socialización donde se entrecruzan dimensiones étnicas, etáreas, de clase, de género, entre otras. En esta aproximación reconocemos la complejidad del análisis de la juventud como categoría, el desarrollo del propio campo de “estudios sobre juventud” y la necesidad de abordarla a partir del estudio de los contextos específicos en los que ésta se construye.

ResumenEn este trabajo abordaremos, desde una perspectiva antropológica, la "campaña por los derechos de la niñez y la adolescencia indígena" lanzada por UNICEF Argentina en 2009, con el fi n de problematizar las construcciones de niñez, de la cuestión indígena y de la noción de "derechos" que allí se ponen en juego. Distanciándonos de concepciones ontológicas sobre los derechos humanos, analizaremos esta campaña en tanto dispositivo cuyo efecto es la construcción de los niños indígenas como sujetos de derechos de maneras específi cas. Para ello, indagamos en el modo en que fue ésta elaborada, así como en sus contenidos, procurando explicar qué derechos y qué representaciones de los niños indígenas se visibilizaron a través de ella y las tensiones suscitadas en su proceso de armado y presentación. Palabras clave: Derechos humanos; niñez; pueblos indígenas; organismos internacionales. To the Rescue of Indigenous Children. Anthropological Refl ections Stemming from a UNICEF Campaign in Argentina AbstractThis article presents an anthropological approach to the "Campaign for the Indigenous Children and Adolescents' Rights" launched by UNICEF Argentina in September 2009, with the purpose of analyzing the social constructions of childhood, of indigenous issues and the meanings of "rights" that are there implied. Far from human rights´ ontological perspectives, we address this Campaign as a mechanism that constructs the idea of indigenous children as subjects of rights in specifi c ways. For this purpose, we examine the making process of the Campaign and its contents, attempting to clarify the precise rights and

En esta tesis se analiza el proceso de medicalización de la crianza infantil en la Argentina, en el periodo histórico que se extiende entre 1890 y 1930. A través de la exploración antropológica de un conjunto de fuentes documentales (textos escritos por médicos de la época, tanto destinadas a un publico especializado como a la divulgación entre un público lego) se procura comprender y mostrar el modo en que el cuidado y formación cotidianos de los niños, sobre todo durante la llamada “primera infancia”, se tornaron en nuestro país incumbencia de la ciencia médica. Esto ha implicado considerar las disputas -aún inacabadas- con otras ideas y prácticas existentes sobre la crianza y la niñez, que dicho proceso conllevó.

Aims Despite the proven benefits of regular physical exercise, and although sportsmen are the paradigm of healthy individuals, the athletes population is not risk-free and can suffer severe clinical conditions including coronary artery disease (CAD) and sudden cardiac death (SCD). Identification of athletes with higher cardiovascular risk is a crucial goal of pre-participation screening. Methods and results In this report, we discuss the case of a 79-year-old male. He was a cyclist, who performed a visit to the sports doctor to have issued a certificate for competitive fitness. He was dyslipidaemic, hypertensive, diabetic, and he reported no symptoms. The patient’s ECG revealed an advanced second-degree atrioventricular block. For this reason, he was admitted to the emergency department and he underwent urgent coronary angiography and a temporary Pacemaker. Indeed, a diagnosis of bivasal coronary artery disease was made, and for the first time the patient was subjected to angioplasty of the anterior descending branch and circumflex branch. Subsequently, for the persistence of bradyarrhythmia, he was subjected to a definitive Pacemaker implant. Conclusions The benefits of exercise in the overall population are multiple and indisputable, but in athletes with cardiovascular disease exercise can also be associated with adverse clinical events, including SCD. In veterans, a growing group of athletes, CAD is the most common cause of SCD. Detection of subclinical CAD should be the main objective of veteran athlete screening, since the performance of classical cardiovascular risk stratification based on clinical factors appears to be suboptimal.