No abstract

In order to generate simple, efficient analytical methods that are also fast, clean, and economical, and are capable of producing reliable results for a large number of samples, a micro scale extraction method for analysis of carotenoids in vegetable matrices was developed. The efficiency of this adapted method was checked by comparing the results obtained from vegetable matrices, based on extraction equivalence, time required and reagents. Six matrices were used:

No abstract

M. floribunda fruit was studied to characterize its chemical composition. The chemical composition, bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity and volatiles of the fruit were determined. The chemical composition was determined according to AOAC and AOCS, the bioactive compounds by HPLC, the volatiles by GCMS and the antioxidant activity by ABTS and DPPH methods. The chemical composition of the freeze-dried fruit was 1.89 g·100 g, 2.43 g·100 g, 4.78 g·100 g and 90.89 g·100 g of ashes, lipids, proteins and total carbohydrates on a dry base, respectively. The concentration of the carotenoids was 52.22 mg·100 g and for the flavonoid rutin was 78.56 mg·100 g. The gallic and ellagic acid contents were 5.45 mg·g and 2.21 mg·g, respectively. The cis-β-ocimene corresponded to 50.90% of the volatiles. The antioxidant activity by ABTS method was 550.14 µmol Trolox·g and by the DPPH method the EC was 85.68 g·g. The fruits presented relevant antioxidant activity, a high concentration of carotenoids and of rutin.

There is a significant indication of the beneficial health effects of fruit rich diets. Fruits of native plant species have noticeably different phytochemicals and bioactive effects. The aim of this work was to characterize and compare the constituents of jabuticaba (Myrciaria jaboticaba, MJ), jamun-berry (Syzygium cumini, SC), and malay-apple (Syzygium malaccense, SM) extracts and their influence on antioxidant activity in vitro and antiproliferative effects on human colon adenocarcinoma cells. According to the results, dried peel powders (DP) have a high anthocyanin content, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity when compared to freeze dried extracts (FD). M. jaboticaba dried peel powder extract had a higher total anthocyanin and phenolic compounds content (802.90 ± 1.93 and 2152.92 ± 43.95 mg/100 g, respectively). A reduction in cell viability of HT-29 cells after treatment with M. jaboticaba extracts (DP-MJ and FD-MJ) was observed via MTT assay. Flow cytometry showed that the treatment with the anthocyanin-rich extracts from MJ, SC, and SM had an inhibitory impact on cell development due to G2/M arrest and caused a rise in apoptotic cells in relation to the control group. The findings of this study highlight the potential of peel powders from Myrtaceae fruits as an important source of natural antioxidants and a protective effect against colon adenocarcinoma.

No abstract

SummaryPomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is a fruit with a long medicinal history, especially due to its phenolic compounds content, such as the anthocyanins, which are reported as one of the most important natural antioxidants. The analysis of the anthocyanins by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) can be considered as an important tool to evaluate the quality of pomegranate juice. For research laboratories the major challenge in using HPLC for quantitative analyses is the acquisition of high purity analytical standards, since these are expensive and in some cases not even commercially available. The aim of this study was to obtain analytical standards for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the anthocyanins from pomegranate. Five vegetable matrices (pomegranate flower, jambolan, jabuticaba, blackberry and strawberry fruits) were used to isolate each of the six anthocyanins present in pomegranate fruit, using an analytical HPLC scale with non-destructive detection, it being possible to subsequently use them as analytical standards. Furthermore, their identities were confirmed by high resolution mass spectrometry. The proposed procedure showed that it is possible to obtain analytical standards of anthocyanins with a high purity grade (98.0 to 99.9%) from natural sources, which was proved to be an economic strategy for the production of standards by laboratories according to their research requirements.Key words: Liquid chromatography; Cyanidin; Delphinidin; Pelargonidin; Punica granatum L. ResumoRomã (Punica granatum L.) é um fruto com um longo histórico medicinal, especialmente devido aos compostos fenólicos presentes em sua composição, como as antocianinas, as quais são relatadas como um dos mais importantes antioxidantes naturais. A análise de antocianinas por Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência (CLAE) pode ser considerada uma ferramenta importante para avaliar a qualidade do suco de romã. Para os laboratórios de pesquisa, o maior desafio para a análise quantitativa pela técnica de CLAE é a aquisição de padrões analíticos de alta pureza, uma vez que eles são caros e, em alguns casos, não se encontram disponíveis comercialmente. O objetivo deste estudo foi obter padrões analíticos para a análise qualitativa e quantitativa de antocianinas da romã. Cinco matrizes vegetais (flor de romã e frutos de jambolão, jabuticaba, amora e morango) foram usadas para isolar cada uma das seis antocianinas presentes no fruto da romã, usando a escala analítica com detecção não destrutiva, sendo possível usá-las posteriormente como padrões analíticos. Além disso, as suas identidades foram confirmadas pela técnica de espectrometria de massa de alta resolução. O procedimento proposto mostrou que é possível obter padrões analíticos de antocianinas com elevado grau de pureza (98,0%-99,9%) a partir de fontes naturais e provou ser uma estratégia econômica para os laboratórios que necessitam adquirir padrões, de acordo com as necessidades de suas pesquisas.

No abstract