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Serum LDH monitoring can be used as a prognostic biomarker in patients of breast cancer. For confirmation of this finding, we require further more studies on larger sample size and long-term follow-up in patients specifically with higher serum LDH levels.

Introduction: Calcium is a recognized second messenger implicated in insulin secretion. Vitamin D (1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, Calcitriol) plays a role in calcium metabolism. This explains the indirect role of Vitamin D in insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity. Hence, low Vitamin D levels are implicated in decreased insulin secretion and increased insulin resistance. In this study, we tried to find out the probable association of Vitamin D 3 , calcium and magnesium with reference to insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) cases. It is well documented that measurement of circulating 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol {25 (OH) Vitamin D 3 } is a marker of total Vitamin D status. Methodology:We measured 25(OH) Vitamin D 3 levels in thirty T2DM subjects with thirty age and sex matched healthy controls. We estimated Vitamin D status, calcium and magnesium levels in the light of insulin resistance. Insulin resistance was measured by homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).Results: Twenty five (OH) Vitamin-D 3 level was significantly low among T2DM cases (12.29+2.32ng/ml) in comparison to healthy controls (19.55+0.50ng/ml) (p<0.01). The levels of calcium and magnesium were also significantly low in T2DM cases as compared to healthy controls (p<0.01).There was significant negative correlation between Vitamin D status and insulin levels, and insulin resistance (p<0.01).

Background: Several earlier studies were focused on Vitamin D status and insulin resistance in diabetes mellitus in adult population. However, very few studies have been done among the healthy adolescents associating Vitamin D status with body mass index (BMI) (anthropometric marker of central obesity). Objective: To examine the concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) in apparently healthy adolescent and its association with BMI in apparently healthy adolescents (12-19 years age group) of Puducherry region. Methods: About 60 apparently healthy adolescents were evaluated for anthropometric, physiological, andbiochemical (fasting insulin and glucose, lipid profile, and 25[OH]D) parameters. Correlation between Vitamin D levels and BMI was calculated. Results: Our study demonstrated a significant low level of 25(OH)D level in overweight (BMI=25-29.9) and obese adolescent (BMI?30) compared to non-obese (BMI<25) group. Pearson’s correlation analysis showed strong negative association between BMI and serum 25(OH)D. Conclusion: Overweight or obese adolescents are more prone to Vitamin D deficiency. Hence, major efforts should be undertaken to tackle Vitamin D deficiency in adolescents such as food fortification and micronutrientsupplementation.

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