Evaluation of 25(OH) Vitamin D 3 with Reference to Magnesium Status and Insulin Resistance in T2DM

Abstract

Introduction: Calcium is a recognized second messenger implicated in insulin secretion. Vitamin D (1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, Calcitriol) plays a role in calcium metabolism. This explains the indirect role of Vitamin D in insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity. Hence, low Vitamin D levels are implicated in decreased insulin secretion and increased insulin resistance. In this study, we tried to find out the probable association of Vitamin D 3 , calcium and magnesium with reference to insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) cases. It is well documented that measurement of circulating 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol {25 (OH) Vitamin D 3 } is a marker of total Vitamin D status. Methodology:We measured 25(OH) Vitamin D 3 levels in thirty T2DM subjects with thirty age and sex matched healthy controls. We estimated Vitamin D status, calcium and magnesium levels in the light of insulin resistance. Insulin resistance was measured by homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).Results: Twenty five (OH) Vitamin-D 3 level was significantly low among T2DM cases (12.29+2.32ng/ml) in comparison to healthy controls (19.55+0.50ng/ml) (p<0.01). The levels of calcium and magnesium were also significantly low in T2DM cases as compared to healthy controls (p<0.01).There was significant negative correlation between Vitamin D status and insulin levels, and insulin resistance (p<0.01).

Vitamin D and cardio-metabolic biomarkers: small-scale comparative study between Libyan migrants and resident women in Serbia

“…This was in accordance with previous studies that investigated the relation between magnesium and vitamin D levels. Gandhe et al (2013) demonstrated a significant positive correlation between vitamin D (25-hydroxy vitamin D3) and magnesium levels in the participants with type 2 diabetes [17]. A large population-based cross-sectional study (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, NHANES) reported that high intake of magnesium correlated with the reduced risk of vitamin D deficiency [16].…”

“…In a large population-based cross-sectional, high intake of magnesium (either from dietary sources or supplements) was associated with a reduced risk of vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency [16]. Another study reported a strong positive correlation between the concentrations of magnesium and vitamin D in the blood of type 2 diabetic participants [17].…”

Is the Association between Vitamin D and Metabolic Syndrome Independent of Other Micronutrients?

“…Conversely, Mg supplementation reduces the resistance to vitamin D treatment for rickets [160]. Additionally, a positive association between vitamin D levels and serum Mg has been reported in human studies [163][164][165]. Vitamin D supplementation was also associated with increased serum Mg concentration in obese individuals [166].…”

Effect of vitamin D treatment on magnesium levels in chronic hemodialysis patient; a double blind controlled clinical trial

“…In one study, administration of vitamin D receptor activators was reported to improve intestinal absorption of Mg in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients (12). Furthermore, a significant direct correlation between serum Mg and vitamin D (25-OH-vitD) levels of ESRD patients undergoing hemodialysis has been observed (13)(14)(15)(16). Several investigations have shown the active vitamin D (1,25 dihydroxy vitamin D) to stimulate and increase intestinal absorption of Mg (1,5), which may partly explain the reported decrease in Mg absorption in CKD patients with vitamin D deficiency (3).…”