This study was conducted to investigate the Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections of pregnant women. The samples were collected from Mosul and Baghdad hospitals in Iraq for two years and the tested women within the age category of under 20 to above 39 years. One thousand five hundred samples were taken as serum, to use in ELISA (IgM, IgG). EDTA blood, Heparin blood and cervical swabs were used in molecular tests. Three hundred positive samples demonstrating the presence of IgM and IgG antibodies using ELISA test. IgM antibodies were positive in 146 (48.7%) CMV, IgG antibodies were positive in 189 (63%) for CMV. DNA was extracted and Real-Time PCR indicates positive in only four samples (1.3%) in CMV from all 300 positive samples in ELISA tests.
This is a primary study in detecting a specific antibody of the Maedi-visna virus (MVV) in blood samples and viral antigen in nasal swabs from sheep. Two hundred and forty nasal swabs and blood samples were collected from sheep of different ages and health statuses in Nineveh province, Iraq. Enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay was used to detect specific antibodies against MVV specific proteins gp135 and p25, Whereas Agar gel immune diffusion (AGID) was used to detect antigens from nasal swabs using specific antibodies against gp135 proteins of MVV. Serological results using ELISA showed the total prevalence of MMV 22.9% and the highest prevalence of infection in sheep less than one-year-old 36.5% when compared with older animals 8.4%. Animals that suffering from respiratory problems had a higher prevalence of infection 25.7% compared with healthy animals 6.9%. AGID showed an identical reaction between Maedi-visna viruses and specific rabbit antisera with a total infection rate of 12.9%. The highest prevalence of infection was 22.4% recorded in animals less than one-year-old, the lowest percentage of infection in animals more than two years of age was 1.4%. Animals suffering from respiratory signs also showed high prevalence of infection 13.8%, while the lowest percentage of infection were recorded in healthy animals 4.6%. It has been concluded that the high prevalence of infection rate in sheep less than one-year-old and the animals which suffered from respiratory problems had higher prevalence according to ELISA and AGID testes.
The study included the injection of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium isolated from starlings bird in embryonated chicken eggs. The eggs were divided into eight groups, each group contain 6 eggs. The G1 and G2 groups were injected with the sterile normal saline solution in the choriaollantoic membrane (CAM) and yolk sac as negative control. The group G3 and G4 injected by bacterial suspension at a concentration of 10 4 cfu/ml in the CAM and yolk sac while the G5 and G6 injected with bacterial concentration 10 6 cfu/ml in the CAM and yolk sac respectively. Finally, the G7 and G8 groups were injected with 10 8 cfu/ml of bacterial suspension in the CAM and yolk sac respectively. The results showed that the highest percentage of death in eggs embryos was 100% in the sixth group after 96 hours of injection. There was also a significant increase in the number of bacteria in correlation with time of incubation. The highest rate of bacterial isolate was 8,19log10, 8,26log10 after 96 and 144 hours in the sixth group, while the highest number of bacterial isolates was 7.04log10 and 6.31log10 in the third and fourth groups after 48 and 96 hours of injection respectively. The results of the statistical analysis showed a significant difference in the number of bacterial isolate after 24 hours of injection in both concentrations compared to other incubation times. A significant relationship was also found between the amount of the dose used and the bacterial disease. this study concluded that Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium isolated from starlings can cause pathological changes and effect on hatchery percentage in embryonated chicken eggs.
The present work aimed to study the pathogenicity of Archanobacterium pyogenes by using one day old chicks and chicken Embryonated eggs .The chicks were given the bacteria(4.2x10 8 CFU/ml) by orally administration and intrapertoneal injection, while the Embryonated eggs inoculated into allontoic sac at 12 days of incubation. The chicks were show dullness, decrease in food intake and nervous sings, most chicks were died after 2-3 days, and the bacteria were reisolated from internal organs, and yolk sac. The inoculation of Embryonated chicken eggs resulting in embryonicdeath, reduce hatchery percentage and deformity of embryo. The study showed that A. pyogenesisvirulence to both chicken Embryonated eggs and one day old chicks.
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