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Depending on the nature of the fish's environment, they are susceptible to many pathogens, including bacterial causes, so the goals of the current study are isolation and molecular identification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with its prevalence rate and detected virulence genes from fresh common carp fish. The swabs were taken from the gills, skin, intestine and muscles of 75 fish samples from variable localities from Mosul city during the period September to December in the year 2021. The prevalence percentage of bacteria was 26.66% which was confirmed by traditional microbiological tests which included (phenotype culture, microscopically features and API-test) and molecular identification. The isolates formed 42.5, 37.5, 15, 5% from gills, skin, intestine and muscles, respectively. The molecular results of forty isolates determine that Pseudomonas aeruginosa have rpoB 100%, and virulence genes oprL, toxA, and algD, which are express the outer membrane protein, exotoxin A and alginate respectively occur as 97.5% for the oprL gene and 100% of both toxA and algD genes.

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This study included collect of 150 samples from brain and meat of sheep from the slaughterhouse and local butchers shop in Mosul city. 50 sample from each (brain, cutting meat, and minced meat) which used for detection of listeria monocytogenes. The International Standard Organization (ISO) methods were used for isolation. The isolated bacteria were diagnosed according to bacterial morphology, culture, and biochemical characteristics. 10 isolates were obtained, which included 2(4%) isolates from the brain of sheep, 3 (6%) isolates from cut meat and 5(10%) from minced meat. Virulence factors tests were used for bacterial isolates which include, lecithinase, lipase, protease, esterase, and hemolysin. Antibiotic sensitivity test for bacterial isolates was also used for some antibiotics. The results indicated that all isolates were sensitive to Ampicillin, Gentamycin, Chloramphenicol, and resistant to Nalidixic acid. However, they showed variant sensitivity to other antibiotics. In conclusion, this study documented that L monocytogenes can be isolated from brain and meat of sheep in Mosul city.

İn this study the efficiency of four types of routinely used commercial disinfectant and antiseptics (Ethanol 70%, Dettol -Chloroxylenol-5%, Hibitine -Chlorohexidine gluconate-6% and Bleach (Sodium hypochlorite 10%) which used in the laboratory of microbiology in College of veterinary medicine, Mosul, Iraq were tested against four different bacterial strains which isolated from clinical specimens of infected animals (E.coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus arueus and Corynebacterium renale). Antibiotic sensitivity tests were applied for different nine antibiotics (Ampicilin, Ciprofloxacin, Gentamycin, Cefotaxim, Cephalothin, Lincomycin, Polymyxin-B, Trimethoprim Sulphamethaxazoll and Penicillin), all the tested bacteria showed resistence for (Ampicilin, Gentamycin, Cefotaxim, Cephalothin, Lincomycin, Trimethoprim Sulphamethaxazoll and Penicillin). Broth dilution method used for determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and disc diffusion method, the results of MIC method after 5 minutes of the exposure to the different concentration of Ethanol, Dettol, Hibitine and Bleach showed that Dettol has no effecincy, followed by Hibitine and Ethanol which showed lower activity while Bleach was the most effective disinfectant on the all tested bacteria. The Gram positive bacteria tested in this study were more sensitive than Gram negative bacteria to all used disinfectant and antiseptics, Disc and diffusion methods had similar effectivness for the tested bacteria against the disinfectants and antiseptics that used in this study.