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A representative feed sample of White Silica Sand was wet-sieved in order to recover the desired fractions for glass making. BIS specification shows that (-600, +300) μm] fraction [A] should not be more than 50% and (-300, +125) μm fraction [B] should be 50% minimum. The mass percentage of A and B is found to be 29.9 and 70.1% (ratio =1:3.34) which satisfies the size specifications for glass making sand. Hence, this ratio was maintained for all the down stream processing studies. 'Wet Sieved desired Fraction for White sand' (WSDFw) was subjected to attrition followed by magnetic separation. Tests at optimum conditions gave a non-magnetic fraction (Silica sand product) which analysed 98.1% silica with 0.09% Fe 2 O 3, 0.13% TiO 2 and 0.17 LOI. This is found to be matching with IS specifications for Grade III sand.

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The Mullipallam creek in Muthupet mangroves region is the only E-W trending coastal strip in the SE coast of India and is very important, as the mangrove acts as a barrier to natural diasters. Natural, anthropogenic signals and accumulation of elements were made by collecting sediment samples at various depths in a core. All sediments were analyzed for carbonates (CaCO 3 ), organic carbon (OC), major (Si, Al, Fe, Na, K, Ca, Mg, P), and trace (Mn, Cr, Cu, Ni, Co, Pb, Zn). Normalization with Al values has been done for all the major and trace elements and enrichment factors have been calculated. The calculated enrichment factors and comparison indicate that the trace metals (especially Pb) are enriched mainly due to the external (anthropogenic) activities in the land as well as in the coastal zone (Palk Strait).