Identification of the geochemical processes in groundwater by factor analysis in hard rock aquifers of Madurai District, South India

Thivya, C.; Chidambaram, S.; Thilagavathi, R.; Prasanna, Mohan Viswanathan; Singaraja, C.; Nepolian, M.; Sundararajan, M.

doi:10.1007/s12517-013-1065-4

Cited by 40 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Impact due to anthropogenic processes are observed along the course of the Vaigai River mainly by sewage effluents. Agricultural impact is observed in the NE part of the study area (Thivya et al 2013b).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 98%

Lithological and hydrochemical controls on distribution and speciation of uranium in groundwaters of hard-rock granitic aquifers of Madurai District, Tamil Nadu (India)

Thivya

Chidambaram

Keesari

et al. 2015

Environ Geochem Health

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Uranium is a radioactive element normally present in hexavalent form as U(VI) in solution and elevated levels in drinking water cause health hazards. Representative groundwater samples were collected from different litho-units in this region and were analyzed for total U and major and minor ions. Results indicate that the highest U concentration (113 µg l(-1)) was found in granitic terrains of this region and about 10 % of the samples exceed the permissible limit for drinking water. Among different species of U in aqueous media, carbonate complexes [UO2(CO3)(2)(2-)] are found to be dominant. Groundwater with higher U has higher pCO2 values, indicating weathering by bicarbonate ions resulting in preferential mobilization of U in groundwater. The major minerals uraninite and coffinite were found to be supersaturated and are likely to control the distribution of U in the study area. Nature of U in groundwater, the effects of lithology on hydrochemistry and factors controlling its distribution in hard rock aquifers of Madurai district are highlighted in this paper.

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Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 98%

Lithological and hydrochemical controls on distribution and speciation of uranium in groundwaters of hard-rock granitic aquifers of Madurai District, Tamil Nadu (India)

Thivya

Chidambaram

Keesari

et al. 2015

Environ Geochem Health

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“…One of the samples in POM and NEM was observed with the lowest and highest pH. Higher values of EC were observed along the Vaigai river course irrespective of the season, and it was attributed to the influence of domestic sewage outlet into the river (Thivya et al 2013a). The values of EC vary between 107.66 and 6850 µs/ cm.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…1). The lithological study contains fissile Hornblende Biotite Gneiss, Quartzite Granitic intrusions, Floodplain Alluvium and Charnockite (GSI 1995;Thivya et al 2013aThivya et al , 2015b among which the fissile hornblende gneiss and the Charnockite represents the major lithology of the study area. The district is characterized by Red soil, Black clayey soil and Alluvial soil.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential interplay of Uranium with geochemical variables and mineral saturation states in groundwater

et al. 2021

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Uranium (U) is formed by the interaction of groundwater in aquifer and the surrounding rocks. The area chosen for this study is a hard rock terrain of various lithology in South India, which releases U in groundwater and affect the groundwater quality. Hence, this study was conducted to understand the geochemistry and temporal variations of U in groundwater with respect to saturation state of minerals for different seasons namely Pre-monsoon (PRM), Northeast monsoon (NEM), Southwest monsoon (SWM) and Post-monsoon (POM). A total of 216 groundwater samples were collected, representing various lithology (Fissile hornblende biotite gneiss, Charnockite, Quartzite, Granite and Flood Plain Alluvium) in the study area. The collected samples were analyzed for physical parameters such as Electrical conductivity, Total dissolved solids, pH and major ions. U was measured using Laser Fluorimeter. The study infers that weathering in SWM, ion exchange in PRM and POM and anthropogenic process in NEM were the three major processes that could dominate the hydrogeochemistry of U. The higher concentration of U has been highlighted, and the water–rock interaction has been studied to know the sources of origin and it has been plotted through bivariate and ternary diagrams. The saturation index study was made and calculated for uranium, carbonate, sulfate, silicate and phosphate minerals using PHREEQC Programme. Uraninite and Coffinite are the dominant saturated states of U minerals which tend to attain near saturation to saturation state irrespective of seasons. With the increase in U concentration irrespective of seasons, it was noticed that the saturation state of minerals is also increasing. Overall, the weathering process and the lithological impact are the sources for higher concentration of U and their minerals occurring in the study area. The outcome of the study will help the policy makers for sustainable management to safeguard the groundwater resource in this region.

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“…In general, consuming of groundwater with high sodium content is harmful and causes heart diseases and kidney problems. The lower concentration of potassium is due to the more resistant nature of potash feldspar against chemical weathering process (Hem 1985a;Thivya et al 2013b), because the major part of the aquifer chiefly consists of hornblende biotite gneiss.…”

Section: Physico-chemical Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of water quality and hydrogeochemistry of surface and groundwater, Tiruvallur District, Tamil Nadu, India

Kumar

Babu²,

Rao

et al. 2016

Appl Water Sci

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Water quality of Tiruvallur Taluk of Tiruvallur district, Tamil Nadu, India has been analysed to assess its suitability in relation to domestic and agricultural uses. Thirty water samples, including 8 surface water (S), 22 groundwater samples [15 shallow ground waters (SW) and 7 deep ground waters (DW)], were collected to assess the various physico-chemical parameters such as Temperature, pH, Electrical conductivity (EC), Total dissolved solids (TDS), cations (Ca, Mg, Na, K), anions (CO 3 , HCO 3 , Cl, SO 4 , NO 3 , PO 4 ) and trace elements (Fe, Mn, Zn). Various irrigation water quality diagrams and parameters such as United states salinity laboratory (USSL), Wilcox, sodium absorption ratio (SAR), sodium percentage (Na %), Residual sodium carbonate (RSC), Residual Sodium Bicarbonate (RSBC) and Kelley's ratio revealed that most of the water samples are suitable for irrigation. Langelier Saturation Index (LSI) values suggest that the water is slightly corrosive and non-scale forming in nature. Gibbs plot suggests that the study area is dominated by evaporation and rock-water dominance process. Piper plot indicates the chemical composition of water, chiefly controlled by dissolution and mixing of irrigation return flow.

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Identification of the geochemical processes in groundwater by factor analysis in hard rock aquifers of Madurai District, South India

Cited by 40 publications

References 40 publications

Lithological and hydrochemical controls on distribution and speciation of uranium in groundwaters of hard-rock granitic aquifers of Madurai District, Tamil Nadu (India)

Lithological and hydrochemical controls on distribution and speciation of uranium in groundwaters of hard-rock granitic aquifers of Madurai District, Tamil Nadu (India)

Potential interplay of Uranium with geochemical variables and mineral saturation states in groundwater

Evaluation of water quality and hydrogeochemistry of surface and groundwater, Tiruvallur District, Tamil Nadu, India

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