Evaluation for the Beneficiability of White Silica Sands from the Overburden of Lignite Mine situated in Rajpardi district of Gujarat, India

Sundararajan, M.; Ramaswamy, Sudarshan; Raghavan, P.

doi:10.4236/jmmce.2009.89061

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The characteristic peaks here are obtained at 2θ values of 21.1, 26.88, 39.72, 50.46, 55.2, 60.11 and 68.32. All these observed peaks correspond to the mineral quartz in common, though a very minor quantity of the kaolinite peak and calcite peak has also been noticed 33,46 . The X-ray diffraction analysis of the crushed carbonate sample is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 79%

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Adsorption of Surface Active Ionic Liquids on Different Rock Types under High Salinity Conditions

Nandwani

Chakraborty

Gupta

2019

Sci Rep

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A new class of surface active ionic liquids (SAIL) have been reported to be a greener alternative to the conventional surfactants in enhanced oil recovery (EOR). These SAILs work efficiently under harsh salinity conditions encountered in the reservoir thereby recovering more additional oil during the tertiary oil recovery process. Adsorption mechanism of SAILs on different rock surface is however, not yet reported in the literature. This article highlights adsorption mechanism of three cationic SAILs having different headgroups, viz., imidazolium, pyridinium, pyrrolidinium, on different rock surfaces (crushed natural carbonate rock and crushed sandstone rock). All the SAILs studied here however had the same tail length and same anion (Br−) attached to it. XRD and XPS characterization techniques reveal that the crushed natural carbonate rock contains a substantial amount of silica, thus rendering it a slight negative charge. Static adsorption tests show that the retention efficiency on the natural carbonate type of rock for all the SAILs was lower than the conventional cationic surfactant, CTAB. The adsorption data obtained thereby was examined using four different adsorption isotherm models (Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson, and Sips). Results suggest that Sips adsorption isotherm model can satisfactorily estimate the adsorption of all the surface active agents on the natural carbonate rock. Factors like mineralogical composition of rock surface, presence of divalents, temperature, and structure of surfactants strongly affect the amount of surfactant adsorbed on reservoir rock. In order to evaluate the simultaneous effect all these factors as well as their interdependence on the retention capability of the three SAILs, a design of experiments approach has been employed further in this study. Statistical analysis of the data obtained after performing the full factorial experiments reveal that at high salinity, imidazoluim based SAIL show minimal adsorption on crushed natural carbonate rock at higher temperature. In general, at a given ionic strength, with increasing temperature as the amount of divalent in the aqueous solution increases, the amount of SAIL adsorbed on both the rock types decreases. Electrostatic attraction is the basic mechanism in governing adsorption of SAILs on the two types of rock surfaces. Results presented in this work can be used for EOR schemes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…The characteristic peaks here are obtained at 2θ values of 20.8, 36.72, 39.6, 42.58 and 68.32. Interestingly unique quartz, calcite and Mg-rich calcite peaks have been obtained 33,46,47 . The atomic surface composition of the two adsorbent materials was determined using XPS characterization technique.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Adsorption of Surface Active Ionic Liquids on Different Rock Types under High Salinity Conditions

Nandwani

Chakraborty

Gupta

2019

Sci Rep

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“…While much of the liberated impurities can be reduced or removed by physical operations such as size separation (screening), gravity separation, magnetic separation, and so on; sometimes, physicochemical (flotation) or even chemical methods (leaching, etc. ) are to be adopted for effective removal of iron, which may be in intimate association with the mineral quite often superficially (Harben 1999;Ay and Arica 2000;Al-Maghrabi 2004;Sundararajan et al 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gravity Separation of Silica Sands for Value Addition

Ibrahim

Selim

Hagrass

2013

Particulate Science and Technology

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A representative white sand sample was investigated for glass industry. Complete characterization of the sample was conducted. Chemical analysis of the sample showed that iron and alumina oxides reached 0.046% and 0.044%, respectively. Dry sieving was carried out to reject þ0.6 mm and À0.10 mm fractions from the sample. The classified À0.6 þ 0.1 mm product was directed to attrition scrubbing. The effect of pulp density, attrition impeller speed, attrition time and mode were studied. The attrition sand product was further subjected to gravity separation using ''Wilfley'' shaking table. Different working conditions of table separation i.e., sand feeding rate, stroke length, deck inclination, and dressing water flow rate were optimized. Results showed that the classified À0.6 þ 0.106 mm sand product contained 0.039% Fe 2 O 3 and 0.041% Al 2 O 3 matched the specifications for the fourth-quality sand for sheet and plate glass industry. However, iron and alumina oxides contents were further decreased to 0.025% and 0.0164% after the attrition process. The attrition product accepted as second quality for flint containers and table ware applications. The final sand product after shaking table contained 0.0180% Fe 2 O 3 and 0.090% Al 2 O 3 , was applicable for the first quality for optical applications.

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“…Flotation, cationic or anionic, is used only when high-purity quartz is required for the market (Bayat et al, 2007). Once washing and flotation (if required) is completed, the sand is dried to meet the market specifications (Kogel et al, 20106;Sundararajan et al, 2009;Al-Maghrabi, 2004). Table 7 presents the iron oxide content in silica sand Grade I from Europe and USA when purified using gravity and magnetic separation techniques (GWP Consultants LLP, 2010).…”

Section: ) Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This use requires sand consisting of uniform-sized rounded grains of quartz (Platias et al, 2014;Moldenke, 1930). There are many other uses of silica sand such as electronics, renewable energy sources (solar energy), the manufacture of silicon carbide, sodium silicate, Portland cement, silicon alloys with metals, silicon metal (chips and wafers), filter media in water treatment, hydraulic fracturing in oil reservoirs, sand blasting, rubber, paints, plastics, polymers, and a host of other applications (Platias et al, 2014;Sundararajan et al, 2009). Table 2 summarizes the chemical composition limits of the silica sand for various products as specified by the American Ceramics Society and National Bureau of Standards for different glass products (Norton, 1957).…”

Section: Uses Of Quartz and Silica Sandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineral Industry in Egypt– Part II Non-Metallic Commodities – Silica Ores

Din¹,

Abouzeid²,

maadawy³

et al. 2016

Journal of Mining World Express

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Silicon, nowadays, is involved in many advanced and high technology industries due to its unique property. The silica ores exist in the form of quartz, quartzite, and white sand. In Egypt, quartz is confined to igneous and metamorphic origins, while white sand exists in the form of sedimentary deposits. Quartz and quartzite are found in association with basement rocks in Eastern Desert and Western Desert. While white sand deposits are widely distributed in Sinai, Eastern Desert, and Western Desert, with the most commercial deposits in Sinai and Eastern Desert.Estimation of the geological and economic reserves indicate huge tonnages of all types of silica ores. Quartz reserves sum up to 20 million tons, and silica sands sum up to more than 3 billion tons. Evaluation of the chemical and physical characteristics of the silica in Egypt showed high quality silica with low contaminations. The major part of these reserves is available through open-pit mining with very low costs due to minimal overburden. Some of the silica sand deposits contain a high percentage of white kaolin, up to about 11 percent, which is separated as a valuable economic byproduct. The basic processing operations of the white sand are washing, screening, attrition scrubbing, desliming and dewatering. In some locations magnetic separation is used for the removal of magnetic impurities. Academic research work showed that the quality of the white sand product can be improved when froth flotation operation is used.

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Evaluation for the Beneficiability of White Silica Sands from the Overburden of Lignite Mine situated in Rajpardi district of Gujarat, India

Cited by 18 publications

References 2 publications

Adsorption of Surface Active Ionic Liquids on Different Rock Types under High Salinity Conditions

Adsorption of Surface Active Ionic Liquids on Different Rock Types under High Salinity Conditions

Gravity Separation of Silica Sands for Value Addition

Mineral Industry in Egypt– Part II Non-Metallic Commodities – Silica Ores

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