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This prospective MRI investigation was performed to investigate septum pellucidum (SP) anomalies in 505 (242 male, 263 female) non-psychotic persons. The mean age of the population was 39.179 +/- 0.904 (40.461 +/- 1.395 male, 38 +/- 1.166 female). There was no significant difference between the means of age in the male and female groups (t-test, DF = 479, p > 0.05). The SP anomalies were classified as cavitation anomalies (Type I) and absence of the SP (Type II). Type I anomalies were subdivided into four groups as isolated cavum septi pellucidi (Ia), cavum septi pellucidi et cavum vergae (Ib), anterior small triangular cavities (Ic), and cysts of the SP (Id). The incidences of the anomalies (Type I + Type II) were 17.31%, 1.89%, 7.55%, 3.53%, 7%, 4.55%, 4.76% and 6.06% for the age groups of 0-9, 10-19, 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60-69 and 70-79 years respectively. The anomalies were very significantly more frequent in the 0-9 years age group than in the other age groups (chi 2 = 9.7858, DF = 1, p < 0.05). The incidences of the anomalies (Type I + Type II) were 6.34%, 5.37%, 7.22% for the whole, male, and female populations, respectively. These values were 1.39%, 1.65% and 1.14% for Type Ia, 2.77%, 2.89% and 2.66% for Type Ib, and 1.78%, 0.83% and 2.66% for Type Ic. Both Type Id and II anomalies were determined in only one case for each group in females (0.2%). There was no significant difference between the incidences of the anomalies in both sexes (chi 2 = 0.45, DF = 1, p > 0.05).

This study was designed to determine the entering sites of vascular pedicles of the infrahyoid muscles. The neck regions of 12 cadavers were investigated bilaterally. The vascular pedicles of the infrahyoid muscles (except the thyrohyoid and inferior belly of the omohyoid muscle) were dissected and measurements taken with a caliper in reference to the attachments of the muscles. For the sternothyroid muscle, two vascular pedicles were found bilaterally in all cadavers. Two vascular pedicles were found bilaterally for the sternohyoid muscle in 11 cadavers; in one cadaver the inferior vascular pedicle was absent bilaterally. One vascular pedicle was found bilaterally for the superior belly of the omohyoid muscle in all cadavers. These data regarding the vascular pedicles of the infrahyoid muscles might be useful for preserving the vascular supply of the infrahyoid muscles during flap preparation.

During gross anatomy dissections of the brain, a developmental abnormality of the septum pellucidum was found in a 31‐year‐old male cadaver. Other parts of the central nervous system in this cadaver were normal in every aspect. Histological samples were taken from the neighboring areas of this abnormality, and they were examined under light microscope and scanning electron microscope. In this abnormality of the septum pellucidum, the two laminae of the septum pellucidum were fused together and there was a hole located 1 cm anterior to its apex. The maximum diameter of the hole was 0.5 cm in the sagittal plane and 0.6 cm in the vertical plane. In the light microscopic and scanning electron microscopic examinations, the free margin of this foramen was regular, and the surrounding tissue was intact and histologically unique to the septum pellucidum. Ependymal cells were present at the free margin of the foramen. Cavum vergae, cavum septum pellucidum, and agenesis of the septum pellucidum are described in the literature. These three abnormalities are seen in cadavers usually with histories of schizophrenia and other psychiatric or neurologic disorders. In a retrospective study, the cadaver with this abnormality had a history of schizophrenia and no history or signs of any kind of brain or head operation. As far as we could ascertain, the abnormality described here has not been reported previously. Clin. Anat. 10:245–249, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss Inc.

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