Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a central pivotal role in the development of the cardiovascular system. Recent evidence suggests that BDNF has adverse subclinical cardiac remodeling in participants with cardiovascular disease risk factors. Relating serum BDNF levels with two-dimensional echocardiographic indices will provide insights into the BDNF mediated pathophysiology in coronary artery disease (CAD) that may shed light upon potential diagnostic biomarkers. For the study, 221 participants were recruited and classified based on coronary angiogram examination as control (n = 105) and CAD (n = 116). All participants underwent routine blood investigation, two-dimensional echocardiography, and serum BDNF estimation. As a result, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipid, high-density lipid, HbA1c (glycosylated hemoglobin), serum creatinine, eosinophils, lymphocyte, monocytes, neutrophils, and platelets were significantly elevated in CAD individuals compared to controls. Notably, the serum BDNF was significantly lower in individuals with CAD (30.69 ± 5.45 ng/ml) than controls (46.58 ± 7.95 ng/ml). Multivariate regression analysis showed neutrophils, total cholesterol, left ventricular mass index, mitral inflow E/A ratio, and pulmonary vein AR duration were associated with low BDNF in CAD. Four independent support vector machine (SVM) models performed to ensure the BDNF level in the classification of CAD from healthy controls. Particularly, the model with serum BDNF concentration and blood parameters of CAD achieved significant improvement from 90.95 to 98.19% in detecting CAD from healthy controls. Overall, our analysis provides a significant molecular linkage between the serum BDNF level and cardiovascular function. Our results contribute to the emerging evidence of BDNF as a potential diagnostic value in CAD that might lead to clinical application.
INTRODCUTION:Cardiovascular diseases account for serious health issues, which results in loss of quality of life andhigh mortality and morbidity. Cardiovascular disease risk in India is greater than US and Europe. Among various causative factors, Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most prevalent metabolic diseases associated with increasedrisk for CAD. METHODOLOGY:In this study, we assess the clinical and demographic parameters along with hsCRP levels between the group of participants with 1) T2DM 2) T2DM with CAD compared with healthy controls. All participants were subjected to basic clinical laboratory test like Blood pressures (systolic and diastolic), lipid profile, HbA1c level (glycosylated hemoglobin), FBS and PPBS. Additionally, the enzyme-linked immune absorbent assay was used to determine the levels of serum hs-CRP in all the participants recruited for this study.RESULTS: Analysis of clinical characteristics showed significant association of lipid, HbA1c, and hsCRP levels in the participants with T2DM with CAD contributing towards cardiovascular disease. Particularly, the level of hsCRP along with HbA1c maycontribute detecting early CVD event in participants with type 2 diabetic mellitus. CONCLUSION:Overall, our study provides significant contribution in predication of early CVD event in T2DM Murugesan et al (2020): Cardiac biomarkers in type II diabetic patients
Introduction: Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) has been used for many years to assess left ventricular systolic function. Over time, patients may have LVEF measurements performed with the use of different imaging modalities.Ejection fraction measurements obtained with both the Teichholz and Simpson's methods are directly comparable for evaluation of ejection fraction.This study is done to compare Teichholz method to simpson's method in patients with global hypokinesia of left ventricle. Methods: Prospective cross sectional study was done in 150 patients who underwent echocardiography at Chettinad Super Speciality hospital. Using conventional 2D echocardiography and Doppler Echocardiography left ventricular ejection fraction was assessed in various views (Apical four chamber, Apical two chambers and parasternal long axis) using VIVID S5 and Esaote.From the total subjects, 105 patients were male and 45 were females. In this study, we compare Teichholz method to Simpson's method in patients with global hypokinesia of left ventricle. Results: Out 150
Introduction: Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) are the drugs, most commonly used in the treatment of acid peptic diseases like gastric, duodenal ulcers, gastro-esophageal reflux disease, gastritis and Zollinger Ellison syndrome. Though they have good clinical safety profile, few adverse effects have been reported with chronic use of PPI. Hypomagnesemia is one of the adverse effects associated with long term PPI use.Hence, this study was conducted to identify the implication of long term PPI therapy on serum magnesium (Mg).Methods: It was a cross sectional, clinical study involving 60 participants in three groups. Group I included 20 subjects who were on PPI for 45 to 60 days. Group II had 20 subjects on PPI for more than 1 year. Group III (Control) had 20 subjects not on PPI. Results: Demographic data, height, weight, BMI, pulse rate and blood pressure were recorded and serum magnesium was estimated.The mean serum Mg level was found to be 2.28±0.32mg/dL in control group, 1.82±0.12mg/dl in Group I and 1.63±0.24mg/dl in Group II. One way ANOVA followed by Tukey post-hoc test was used to evaluate the difference in serum Mg levels between the groups. The difference noted in Groups I and II in comparison with Control group was statistically significant. Conclusion: This study
Streptococcus pyogenes is a gram positive pathogen causing pharyngitis, mild infections to chronic complications (Rheumatic Heart Disease, RHD). In this study, echocardiographic and clinical profile in pharyngitis, rheumatic fever patients were compared with virulent genes emm, spe A, spe B and sof. Nearly 107 subjects were classified into Group I – Pharyngitis (n=30), Group II – Rheumatic Fever (n=30) and Group III – healthy controls (n=47). The isolated S.pyogenes from Group I and Group II patient’s throat swab were subjected to 16S rRNA gene sequence. Multiplex PCR was done for identification of virulent genes. Electrocardiogram and Echocardiography was done for all the groups. For statistical analysis ANOVA and t-test were used. Comparison between groups were done by Tukey’s Multiple Comparison test. Among 107 isolates, 16.7% emm gene were detected in Group I and 23.3% in Group II, 56.67 % of spe B in Group I and 73.33 % in Group II, 36.67% of sof gene in Group I and 40% in Group II. Mitral Regurgitation was most commonly encountered in rheumatic fever. Hemoglobin (<0.001) and RDW (<0.001) was significantly lower in Rheumatic Fever whereas Platelet count (<0.001) and Neutrophil (<0.001) was significantly higher when compared with control subjects by Tukey’s Multiple Comparison test. When we compared the genetic relationship with the Echocardiographic findings, presence of one, two or three genes showed moderate to severe regurgitation in Rheumatic Fever subjects.
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