Physicochemical analyses were carried out to evaluate 27 samples of honeys from three species of the Brazilian genus Melipona (M. capixaba, M. rufiventris and M. mondury) from Espírito Santo and Minas Gerais States. The parameters water activity (Aw), percentage of soluble solids (Brix %), pH, acidity (meq/kg) and moisture (%) were evaluated. The honey characteristics obtained from these samples were very similar to the ones from other Melipona species. However, regarding the honey from Apis (honey bee), only the pH values were similar. The low pH value and the high acidity detected in Melipona honey are potential factors for increasing the honey shelf life because they do not provide favorable conditions for the microbial development. On the other hand, the high level of water activity favors the growth of microorganisms, especially yeast, which demands a more careful handled and storage. The observed differences between Melipona and Apis honey reinforce the need for specific quality settings for stingless bee honey.
The PEBP family comprises proteins that function as key regulators of flowering time throughout the plant kingdom and they also regulate growth and plant architecture. Within the PEBP protein family, three subfamilies can be distinguished in angiosperms: MOTHER OF FT AND TFL1-like (MFT), FLOWERING LOCUS T-like (FT-like), and TERMINAL FLOWER1-like (TFL1-like). Taking advantage of the genome sequences available from K. fedtschenkoi and K. laxiflora, we performed computational analysis to identify the members of the PEBP gene family in these species. The analyses revealed the existence of 11 PEBP genes in K. fedtschenkoi and 18 in K. laxiflora, which are clustered in two clades: FT-like and TFL1-like. The PEBP genes had conserved gene structure and the proteins had highly conserved amino acid sequences in the positions crucial for the protein functions. The analysis of Ka/Ks ratio revealed that most recently duplicated genes are under positive selection. Despite being an economically important genus, the genetics underlying the regulation of flowering in Kalanchoë is poorly understood. The results of this study may provide a new insight into the molecular control of flowering that will allow further studies on flowering control in Kalanchoë.
O sorvetão, sorvete, maracá, xampu ou gengibre ornamental (Zingiber spectabile Griff.) é uma espécie de origem asiática, nativa da Malásia, pertencente à família Zingiberaceae. É planta ornamental tropical, herbácea, rizomatosa e perene. Suas hastes, com até 0,80 m, saem diretamente dos rizomas e apresentam, na extremidade, uma inflorescência (Lamas 2002).Dentre os principais problemas da floricultura brasileira, encontra-se o manejo pós-colheita ABSTRACT RESUMOrelativamente inadequado, em especial para flores tropicais. O armazenamento é uma das etapas mais importantes para a manutenção do equilíbrio entre mercado distribuidor e consumidor de flores de corte (Dias-Tagliacozzo & Castro 2005).As flores se deterioram rapidamente, como ocorre com frutas e hortaliças, por causa de processos metabólicos que ocorrem mais intensamente após a colheita (Hardenburg et al. 1988), e exigem, portanto,
Studies on the effectiveness of the discourse motivating the creation of protected areas (PAs) and their empirical reality are scarce. The lack of knowledge in this area affects programs and policies on the maintenance and creation of protected areas. Thus, we investigated this matter using the case study of the Nascente Geraizeiras Sustainable Development Reserve (NGSDR) in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The reserve comprises a transition area between Cerrado and the Atlantic Forest, two critical biomes in the world of biodiversity and the only two hotspots in Brazil. Changes in land use were identified over a period of 30 years, from 1987 to 2017, based on a compilation of the arguments associated with the creation of the PA, geographic information system (GIS) techniques, remote sensing (RS) data, and landscape ecology indices. Seven types of land use were identified using Random Forest classifier R software: native forest, silviculture, pasture, bare soil, rocky outcrop, watercourses, and agriculture. The overall mean accuracy of the classification was 90% for all five periods. The results demonstrated that the creation of protected areas is supported by contexts of land use still based on traditional. The case study showed the discourse served as a fundamental strategy in the beginning of the mobilization that culminated in the creation of the NGSDR, in the containment of forestry, in an increase in native forest areas, and in reduced fragmentation, leading to an improvement in the conservation status of the landscape. The present study encourages future researchers to apply the evaluated approach and demonstrates its potential in assessing the formulation of programs and policies on protected areas worldwide, providing valid indicators for the improvement of ecosystem services.
A avaliação de árvores urbanas com finalidade de supressão tem sido motivo de preocupação constante para os técnicos por envolver razões pessoais, o que muitas vezes, torna o processo subjetivo. Diante dessa preocupação, viu-se a necessidade da criação de um método que permita chegar a uma decisão menos subjetiva. O método consiste na criterização para análise de parâmetros que podem determinar a supressão do indivíduo arbóreo. As dimensões variáveis são analisadas para cada indivíduo com respostas do tipo falso ou verdade. As assertivas são formuladas de tal maneira que falso conduz à supressão e verdade conduz à permanência. Respondidas as assertivas, estabelece-se a relação falso/verdade e consulta-se a escala elaborada que determinará se a árvore deve ser cortada ou não. As avaliações do método mostraram que, embora algumas características de ordem emocional tenham influência sobre a permanência da árvore, as características que colocam em risco a vida de pessoas têm peso decisivo sobre o corte da árvore.
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