Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek ekstrak air daun sirsak terhadap bobot badan dan kadar kolesterol darah. Penelitian ini menggunakanrancangan acak lengkap dengan 5 kelompok perlakuan masing-masing sebanyak 3 ulangan. Hewan coba berupa tikus galur Wistar sebanyak 15 ekor dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok perlakuan, yaitu kelompok yang diberikan ekstrak air daun sirsak dengan dosis 200 mg/kgBB, 400mg/kgBB, kontrol positif, kontrol negatif, dan kontrol normal. Rerata bobot badan dan kadar kolesterol kemudian dianalisis menggunakan Sapphiro Wilk test, ANOVA dan Kruskall Wallis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua kelompok yang diberikan ekstrak daun sirsak memiliki efek menghambat peningkatan bobot badan jika dibandingkan dengan kontrol normal, sedangkan untuk kadar kolesterol darah didapatkan bahwa seluruh kelompok perlakuan menunjukkan kadar kolesterol darah yang sama dengan kelompok yang diberikan simvastatin. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah bahwa ekstrak air daun sirsak memiliki efek mengendalikan bobot badan dan kolesterol darah. Efek terhadap kolesterol darah serupa dengan simvastatin, karena ekstrak air daun sirsak mengandung fl avonoid yang mempunyai efek menghambat enzim HMG CoA reduktase, serupa dengan mekanisme kerja simvastatin dalam menurunkan kadar kolesterol darah.
Osteoartritis (OA) lutut merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat utama yang mengakibatkan nyeri dan disabilitas. Sampai saat ini masih belum jelas diketahui dampak penyakit OA lutut dilihat dari derajat nyeri dan klasifikasi radiologik OA dengan kualitas hidup pasien OA lutut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan derajat nyeri dan klasifikasi radiologik OA dengan kualitas hidup pasien OA lutut. Penelitian ini adalah studi analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sebanyak 85 pasien OA telah dipilih secara consecutive dan dinilai kualitas hidupnya yang terdiri atas delapan komponen menggunakan kuesioner SF-36, derajat nyerinya menggunakan numeric rating scale (NRS), serta secara radiologik berdasar atas klasifikasi Kellgren-Lawrence (KL). Penelitian ini dilakukan di RS Al-Islam Bandung selama periode April–Juli 2018. Data dianalisis dengan SPSS melalui Uji Kruskal-Wallis. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan mayoritas pasien OA lutut mengalami derajat nyeri sedang (50%) termasuk dalam klasifikasi radiologik OA moderat (43%) dan skor kualitas hidup 548 (265,63–728,5). Penelitian ini menunjukkan hubungan bermakna antara derajat nyeri dan kualitas hidup pada aspek nyeri dan vitalitas (p=0,000 dan 0,005) serta hubungan klasifikasi radiologik OA dengan kualitas hidup aspek fungsi sosial (p=0,027). Disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan derajat nyeri dengan kualitas hidup pada aspek nyeri dan vitalitas serta hubungan klasifikasi radiologik OA dengan kualitas hidup pada aspek fungsi sosial.
Abstract. Introduction: Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new disease that causes millions of deaths worldwide. The majority of deaths are due to pulmonary degeneration leading to respiratory failure. The gold standard for COVID-19 diagnostics is the examination of the nucleic acid of the SARS-CoV-2 virus using RT-PCR which produces CT values for the SARS-CoV-2 gene target and internal control (CT). One of the target genes that is often examined in COVID-19 examination is gene E. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the CT IC/CT gene E ratio and the relative expression of the SARS-CoV-2 E gene with the incidence of respiratory failure. Methods: This study is a cross sectional study conducted at X General Hospital on 196 patients. Data obtained from medical records in the form of patient characteristics and PCR examination results from the laboratory. Relative gene expression was calculated using the livak method (2-ΔΔCT). The CT ratio was calculated by comparing the internal control CT with the CT gene E. The relationship of gene relative expression and CT ratio with the incidence of respiratory failure was analyzed using thestatistic unpaired t-test at 95% confidence level. Results: The results showed that the characteristics of COVID-19 patients were more males, aged 41-60 and 40 of the total patients experienced pulmonary distress. The unpaired t-test showed that there was no relationship between the CT IC/CT gene E ratio and the relative expression of the SARS-CoV-2 gene E and the incidence of respiratory failure, with P values (P=0.2083) and (P=0,8018). Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is that there is no relationship between the ratio of internal control CT/CT of the SARS-CoV-2 gene and the relative expression level of the SARS-CoV-2 E gene with the incidence of respiratory failure in confirmed COVID-19 patients hospitalized at Hospital X. There are several factors that influence the incidence of respiratory failure in addition to comorbidities such as age and gender. Abstrak. Pendahuluan: Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) adalah penyakit baru yang menyebabkan jutaan kematian di seluruh dunia. Mayoritas kematian disebabkan oleh perburukan paru yang berujung pada gagal napas. Standar baku emas diagnostik COVID-19 adalah pemeriksaan asam nukleat virus SARS-CoV-2 dengan menggunakan RT-PCR yang menghasilkan nilai CT target gen SARS-CoV-2 dan internal control (CT). Salah satu gen target yang sering diperiksa pada pemeriksaan COVID-19 adalah gen E. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan rasio CT IC/CT gen E dan ekspresi relatif gen E SARS-CoV-2 dengan kejadian gagal napas. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross sectional yang dilakukan di RS X pada 196 pasien. Data diperoleh dari medical record berupa karakteristik pasien dan hasil pemeriksaan PCR dari laboratorium. Ekspresi gen relatif dihitung dengan menggunakan metode livak (2-ΔΔCT). Rasio CT dihitung dengan membandingkan CT internal control dengan CT gen E. Hubungan ekspresi relatif gen dan rasio CT dengan kejadian gagal napas dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik unpaired t-test pada tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Hasil: Hasil penelitian didapatkan karakteristik pasien COVID-19 lebih banyak laki-laki, usia 41−60 dan 40 orang dari total pasien mengalami pulmonary distress. Uji unpaired t-test menujukan tidak terdapat hubungan antara rasio CT IC/CT gen E dan ekspresi relatif gen E SARS-CoV-2 dengan kejadian gagal napas, dengan nilai P berturut-turut P=0,2083 dan P=0,8018. Kesimpulan: Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah tidak terdapat hubungan antara rasio CT internal control/CT gen E SARS-CoV-2 dan tingkat ekspresi relatif gen E SARS-CoV-2 dengan kejadian gagal napas pada pasien terkonfirmasi COVID-19 yang dirawat inap di RS X. Terdapat beberapa faktor yang memengaruhi kejadian gagal napas selain komorbid seperti usia dan jenis kelamin.
Introduction: Real time quantitative PCR is the gold standard for detection of SARS-CoV-2 which is specific, sensitive, and simple quantitative. The target of RT-qPCR is to assess the expression level of the SARS-CoV-2 gene through cycle threshold values (CT-value). The purpose of this study was to analyze the association of the level of SARS-CoV-2 gene expression and the severity of COVID-19 in patients hospitalized. Method: This research is an analytic observational study with cross sectional method. While the research sample was taken using a consecutive sampling technique from the Medical Records of Sumedang Hospital and Cideres Hospital, West Java, Indonesia from December 2020 to March 2021. Patient parameters include analysis of age, sex, comorbidity, and disease severity. The severity of the patient is classified based on complaints and oxygen saturation. The expression level of the SARS-CoV-2 N gene and E gene were assessed by calculating the relative quantification by comparing the expression of the E and N gene with the expression of the internal control gene by Livak formula (2-ΔΔCT Formula). Result: The Spearman correlation test showed that there was a relationship between the expression of SARS-CoV-2 genes E and N genes with the severity of COVID-19 patients (with r=0.374 and p<0.0001) and (with r=0.452 and p<0.0001). Conclusions: There is an correlation between the level of expression of genes E and gene N with the severity of patients.
The phytochemical compounds contained in papaya leaves are known to have a galactopoietic effect. This study aims to analyze the effect of ethanol extract of Carica papaya leaves on β-casein gene expression, βcasein levels, total protein, and milk volume. This in vivo was an experimental study including a posttest control group that was conducted on one control group and three treatment groups. Each group consisted of six lactating rats. The control group rats were given ordinary food, while the treatment group rats, D1, D2, and D3, were given ethanol extract of Carica papaya leaves with the dose of 0.95 mg, 1.9 mg, and 3.8 mg/200 g Body weight (BW)/ day, respectively, from day 1 to day 13 of lactation. On day 14, all of the rats were sacrificed. Breastmilk volume taken from all breasts of lactating rats was measured individually in milliliters, β-casein gene expressions in the mammary tissues were measured using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), while serum β-casein levels were measured using ELISA, and total protein was measured using bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay. Statistical analysis was carried out using one-way ANOVA, Tukey test, and Games-Howell test at 95% confidence level. Milk volume, β-casein gene expression, β-casein levels, and total protein levels of all treatment rat groups were significantly higher than the control group (p<0.05). The increases of all parameters were consistent; the most effective dose was 1.9 mg/200g BW. Carica papaya leaf ethanol extract can increase milk volume, β-casein gene (Csn2) expression, β-casein levels, and total protein levels.
Otitis media supuratif kronik atau OMSK merupakan proses inflamasi kronik yang terjadi pada telinga bagian tengah yang diakibatkan oleh bakteri, ditandai dengan perforasi membran timpani serta ottorhoea yang terjadi secara terus menerus. Bakteri penyebab paling umum adalah Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pengobatan OMSK dapat menggunakan antibiotik topikal siprofloksasin. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan antibiotik topikal lebih efektif dibanding dengan antibiotik sistemik. Tujuan peneltian ini adalah menganalisis efektivitas siprofloksasin topikal pada pengobatan otitis media supuratif kronik. Penelitian ini merupakan systematic review dengan database yang digunakan adalah Google Scholar, Science Direct, Proquest, Springer Link, Cochrane Library, dan EBSCO HOST dengan jumlah artikel yang didapat sebanyak 599 artikel. Hasil skrining pada artikel yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi sebanyak 344 artikel dan kriteria eksklusi sebanyak 340 artikel. Setelah dilakukan telaah kritis, artikel yang di-review sebanyak empat artikel. Penelitian dilakukan pada periode Maret–Desember 2020. Hasil telaah dan analisis dari empat artikel menunjukkan bahwa siproflokasin topikal lebih efektif dibanding dengan topikal neomisin, framisetin gramisidin-deksametason (FGD), dan asam borik pada pengobatan otitis media supuratif kronik. Parameter kesembuhan gejala ottorhoea, perforasi membran timpani, serta kualitas pendengaran. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah siprofloksasin topikal efektif pada pengobatan otitis media supuratif kronik. Systematic Review: Efectiveness of Topical Ciprofloxacin in the Treatment of Chronic Suppurative Otitis MediaChronic suppurative otitis media or CSOM is an chronic inflammatory process that occurs in the middle ear, which is caused by bacteria with perforation of the tympanic membrane and the presence of ottorhoea. The most common causative bacteria is Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Topical antibiotic using ciprofloxacin can be used to treat for CSOM. Several studies have shown topical antibiotic to be more effective than systemic antibiotics. The aim of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of ciprofloxacin in the treatment of chronic suppurative otitis media. The study was conducted using systematic review method and database used in this study were Google Scholar, Science Direct, Proquest, Springer Link, Cochrane Library, and EBSCO HOST with 599 articles of journals obtained. The screening result on articles in accordance with the inclusion citeria were 344 articles and the exclusion criteria were 340 articles. The results of critical appraisal as many 4 articles.The study was conducted during March–December 2020. The results of review dan analysis from 4 articles of each study, topical ciprofloxacin was more effective topical neomycin, framycetin gramicidin-dexamethasone (FGD), and boric acid in the treatment of chronic suppurative otitis media. The parameters for relieving of symptomatic symptoms, perforation of tympanic membrane, and hearing quality. The conclusion of this study is that ciprofloxacin topical is more effective in the treatment of chronic suppurative otitis media.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.