Getah rumput laut yang diekstraksi dengan air atau larutan alkali dari spesies tertentu dari kelas Rhodophyceae (alga merah), lazim dinamakan dengan Karaginan yang telah banyak digunakan dalam industri pangan sebagai pengental, pengemulsi, pensuspensi, dan faktor penstabil. Larutan alkali seperti KOH mempunyai dua fungsi, yaitu membantu ekstraksi polisakarida menjadi lebih sempurna dan mempercepat eliminasi 6-sulfat dari unit monomer menjadi 3,6-anhidro-D-galaktosa sehingga dapat meningkatkan mutu karaginan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini, untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh konsentrasi KOH dengan mengatur suhu konstan 90 o C, pH 8-9, dan waktu ekstraksi 0,5 jam (30 menit) terhadap mutu karaginan berdasarkan sifat fisiko-kimia. Penelitian ini menggunakan berbagai konsentrasi KOH (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 12%). Karaginan terbaik yang dihasilkan dalam penelitian ini adalah perlakuan dengan konsentrasi KOH 12%. Karakteristik fisiko-kimia yang dihasilkan dari karaginan terbaik yaitu kekuatan gel 449,51 dyne/cm 2 , viskositas 50,47 cP, titik jendal 35,88 o C dan titik leleh 25,56 o C, rendemen 45,26%, kadar air 9,23%, kadar abu 33,68%, kadar lemak 0,37%, kadar protein 0,80%, kadar serat kasar 4,12% dan kadar karbohidrat 51,81%.
ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari pengaruh penambahan beberapa konsentrasi gliserol pada pembuatan edible film dari pati sagu alami dan pati sagu fosfat terhadap sifat fisik, mekanik dan barrier film. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap yang terdiri dari dua faktor yaitu perlakuan jenis pati sagu dengan dua taraf perlakuan yaitu: pati sagu alami dan pati sagu fosfat dan tiga taraf konsentrasi gliserol yaitu: 0,5, 1,0 dan 1,5 % (b/b). Peubah yang diamati adalah tensile strength¸ elongasi, daya larut, transparansi, dan laju transmisi uap air. Karakteristik edible film yang dihasilkan meliputi tensile strength adalah 3,05 -31,49 MPa, elongasi 3,03 -20,94 %, daya larut 33,44 -42,43 %, transparansi 0,59 -4,14 %, dan laju transmisi uap air 7,76 -15,80 g/m 2 .jam. Penambahan gliserol menyebabkan elongasi, daya larut, dan laju transmisi uap air meningkat, tetapi tensile strength dan transparansinya menurun. Perlakuan pati sagu fosfat hanya menyebabkan daya larut film meningkat, tetapi tidak untuk sifat-sifat film lainnya.Kata kunci: Edible film; gliserol; pati sagu alami; pati sagu fosfat ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of several glycerol concentrations in the making of edible film from native and phosphate sago starch on physical, mechanical and barrier properties of the film. A completely randomized experimental design was applied in this study consisting of two factors of treatments, i.e.: native and phosphate sago starch, and the second factor was glycerol concentration with three levels of treatments, i.e.: 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 % (w/w). The films were characterized for tensile strength, elongation, solubility, transparency, and water vapor transmission rate. Edible films have produced characteristics for tensile strength from 3.05 to 31.49 MPa, elongation from 3.03 to 20.94 %, solubility from 33.44 to 42.43 %, transparency from 0.59 to 4.14 %, and water vapour transmission rate from 7.76 to 15.80 g/m 2 .h. Glycerol was found to affect the increase of elongation, solubility, and water vapour transmission rate, as well as the decrease of its tensile strength and transparancy. The films made from sago starch phosphate showed to increase the solubility and to have significant effect compared with native sago starch, but not affecting the other properties.
This objective of the research was to obtain HMT sago starch having the physical characteristics that can be applied as raw materials in food processing. A completely randomized experimental design with heating temperature as the treatment was applied. Three levels of treatments were assigned, i.e: heating temperature of 90ºC, 95ºC, and 100ºC. Results were analyzed statistically using analysis of variance and Tukey test. Results showed that HMT modified sago starch by heating process at 100ºC had good stability having lower viscosity and moisture content, similar pH, and the degree of whiteness of 71.91%, as well as gel strength of 94.17%.
Farmers' acceptance of and preference for crop varieties depend to a large extent on consumption value and market price. Therefore, food quality considerations are crucial for extension of high-yield varieties. We explored whether several new sorghum of varieties that have been found to have high agronomic performance are acceptable for consumption by using them in two foods commonly prepared from sorghum (kamu and tango). All the improved varieties made acceptable kamu and tango. They met the expectations of consumers for colour, appearance, flavour, taste, and texture and did nor pose obvious processing and milling problems. There is a need to monitor these varieties and subject them to further consumer preference tests using quantitative techniques and the combined effects of the major factors that commonly affect acceptance of crops for production and use, namely, expected yield or income, labour requirement, technical feasibility, nutritional value, and acceptability to consumers.
This study entitled “The Effect of Agricultural Diversification on Community Income in the East Taniwel District”. The research objective was to determine the relationship and influence of agricultural diversification on people's income in the East Taniwel District. The data used in this study are primary data from eight villages in East Taniwel District, West Seram District, Maluku Province. This data is the result of a baseline survey at the household level, where the sample is determined using the Slovin formula. The data analysis technique used is the application of the backward method in multiple linear regression modeling based on OLS. The results showed that there was a relationship and influence between agricultural diversification and the income of rural communities in East Taniwel District.
The objective of the study was to determine the concentation ratio between purple sweet potato flour and wheat flour in order to produce purple sweet potato cookies having particular nutritional content and preffered by consumers. A completely randomized experimental design was applied in this study. One experimental factor which was ratio of purple sweet potato flur and wheat flour consisting five level of treatments, was as signed i,e 100%: 0%, 80:20%, 60%:40%, and 20%: 80% respectively. Variables measured were chemical composition (protein, fat, moisture, anthocyanin content) and sensory properties (colour, taste, texture, overall likeness). Results showed that most variables were influenced by the ratio of sweet potato flour and wheat flour, excluding moisture content. The ratio of 80% sweet potato flour : 20% wheat flour resulted in cookies with good characteristics and mostly preffered by parelists. Anthocyamin content of this particular cookies (80%: 20%) was similar to that of sweet potato flour. Keywords: cookies, purple sweet potato flour, wheat flour ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan konsentrasi tepung ubi jalar ungu dan tepung terigu yang tepat untuk menghasilkan kue kering ubi jalar ungu dengan kandungan gizi tertentu dan disukai. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap yang terdiri satu faktor dengan lima taraf perlakuan yaitu : Perbandingan tepung ubi jalar ungu dan tepung terigu 100% : 0%, 80% : 20%, 60% : 40%, 40% : 60%, 20% : 80%. Peubah yang di amati adalah komposisi kimia (penentuan kadar protein, kadar lemak, kadar air, kandungan antosianin) dan uji organoleptik (warna, rasa, tekstur, tingkat kesukaan). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa perlakuan perbadingan tepung ubi jalar ungu dan tepung terigu mempengaruhi peubah-peubah yang diamati, sedangkan untuk kadar air tidak berbeda nyata. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian perlakuan perbandingan tepung ubi jalar ungu dan tepung terigu 80% : 20% dapat menghasilkan kue kering yang terbaik dan disukai. Kandungan antosianin kue kering ubi jalar dengan formulasi 80 : 20% tidak berbeda jauh dengan kandungan antosianin tepung ubi jalar. Kata kunci: kue kering, tepung terigu, tepung ubi jalar ungu
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