A new method for preparing the polymer films directly in the reduced atmosphere has been developed. In this process the polymerization can be carried out through depositing the component monomer vapors. Both pyromellitic dianhydride and 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether (oxydianiline) were evaporated at a molar ratio in terms of stoichiometry by controlling the heating power for each evaporation source. From the infrared absorption spectrum observation, it was found that the as-deposited film was the mixture of the polyamic acid and both nonreacted monomers. After having been heated to 200 °C for 60 min, the deposited film was finally transformed into the polyimide film through the condensation reaction. The obtained polyimide film had good adhesion to the glass and metal substrate and showed excellent chemical resistance, heat resistance, and electrical insulation characteristics. By selecting the appropriate combination of monomers, other polymer films could be obtained through the vacuum deposition polymerization process.
Preparation of superhydrophobic nanodiamond and cubic boron nitride films Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 133110 (2010); 10.1063/1.3494269 Preparation of cubic boron nitride films by radio frequency bias sputtering J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 13, 2843 (1995); 10.1116/1.579715 Electron optical characterization of cubic boron nitride thin films prepared by reactive ion platingThe preparation of a cubic boron nitride film by physical vapor deposition processes has been investigated. The electron beam guns of a hollow cathode discharge type and a conventional highvoltage type were used for the boron evaporation source. The stoichiometric boron nitride film could be obtained by using a gas activation nozzle. It was necessary to apply the rfbias potential to the substrate to accelerate the formation of the cubic BN phase. It was found that mixing argon gas to the reactant gas N z assists the formation of cubic phase. The film structure was characterized by the infrared absorption spectrum and transmission electron diffraction observation. The microhardness of the cubic boron nitride film obtained was estimated to be about 4000 kg/mm2.
A zone plate for 8 keV X-rays with alternative WSi2 and C layers was fabricated using a DC planer magnetron sputtering. The zone plate had 20 pairs of a high aspect ratio for hard X-rays. Its thickness was about 50 µm. An X-ray interference pattern through the zone plate was observed using monochromated synchrotron X-rays, and a focusing property of the zone plate was confirmed. The focal length was about 67 mm and the spot size (FWHM) was smaller than 8 µm.
Circular zone plates for hard x rays, fabricated by dc planar magnetron sputtering, have been characterized using monochromatized synchroton x rays. The zone plates consisted of either 5 or 20 pairs of altenating WSi2 and C layers. The minimum focal spot size attained was less than 3 μm× 10 μm in the vertical and horizontal directions, respectively. The efficiency of the zone plate with 20 layer pairs was determined to be about 4.5%. An x-ray transmission image of a No. 2000 mesh Cu grid and an x-ray fluorescence image of a patterned Co thin film were measured, and it was demonstrated that a high-resolution image could be obtained with the present zone plate. The possibility of implementing the phase zone plate in hard x-ray range is considered.
The magnetic properties of alloys of the perfect hcp crystal structure type were studied by means of a magnetic balance and a pendulum-type magnetometer, and the following results were obtained;The crystal magnetic anisotropy energies of hcp type Co-Ir alloys rapidly
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