This study aims to identify misconception among physics education students in Yogyakarta on heat and temperature topic of physics education. This study uses descriptive study in terms of scanning model. The sample consist of 39 students majoring physics education in Yogyakarta. Data collection uses four tier diagnostic test. This study not only intends to diagnose students’ misconceptions in depth analyis in five categories, but also diagnoses students’ conceptual understanding from each subaspect. The descriptive analysis findings of this study state that the four tier diagnostic test instrument classifies students in five categories as the data analysis outcome about heat and temperature. They are scientific conceptual, lack of knowledge, misconception, false positive and false negative. The conceptual understanding of physics education students in Yogyakarta on heat and temperature topic varies greatly. Based on the results, the percentage of physics education students’ misconceptions in Yogyakarta varies on each subtopic misconception. The biggest misconception occurs in subtopic “thermal equilibrium only occurs if both systems contact directly” reached 61.5%. This shows that the student’s misconception is in high category and need special attention for educators to carry remediation out. Moreover, biggest misconception subtopic is needed more detailed explanations. In addition, this finding is expected to used as one of lecturers’ or teachers’ references to take consideration on the subtopic of heat and temperature which have many potential for misconception. Therefore, the teachers are able to implement the effective teaching strategy to overcome their students’ misconceptions on heat and temperature.

<p style="text-align: justify;">Diagnostic tests are generally two or three-tier and based on classical test theory. In this research, the Four-Tier Diagnostic Test (FTDT) was developed based on modern test theory to determine understanding of physics levels: scientific conception (SC), lack of knowledge (LK), misconception (MSC), false negatives (FN), and false positives (FP). The goals of the FTDT are to (a) find FTDT constructs, (b) test the quality of the FTDT, and (c) describe students' conceptual understanding of physics. The development process was conducted in the planning, testing, and measurement phases. The FTDT consists of four-layer multiple-choice with 100 items tested on 700 high school students in Yogyakarta. According to the partial credit models (PCM), the student's responses are in the form of eight categories of polytomous data. The results of the study show that (a) FTDT is built on the aspects of translation, interpretation, extrapolation, and explanation, with each aspect consisting of 25 items with five anchor items; (b) FTDT is valid with an Aiken's V value in the range of 0.85-0.94, and the items fit PCM with Infit Mean Square (INFIT MNSQ) of 0.77-1.30, item difficulty index of 0.12-0.38, and the reliability coefficient of Cronbach's alpha FTDT is 0.9; (c) the percentage of conceptual understanding of physics from large to small is LK type 2 (LK2), FP, LK type 1 (LK1), FN, LK type 3 (LK3), SC, LK type 4 (LK4), and MSC. The percentage sequence of MSC based on the successive material is momentum, Newton's law, particle dynamics, harmonic motion, work, and energy. In addition, failure to understand the concept sequentially is due to Newton's law, particle dynamics, work and energy, momentum, and harmonic motion.</p>

Learning media development have been a current issue in civic education. Involving to analyze indigenous Srimpi Pandelori dance based-android civic e-learning media effect aims to facilitate 4.0 era demand. Indeed, practicing 21st century skills focused on creative thinking skills. Research methodology uses a quantitative approach, a quasi-experimental study is used regarding to one group pretest posttest design. Creative thinking skills test conduct for pretest and posttest question consisting of ten multiple choice questions according to high order thinking skills criteria then checked for the Content Validity Index. To conclude, indigenous Srimpi Pandelori dance based-android media civic e-learning significantly influence students’ creative thinking skills on Pancasila values. In addition, it is able to improve students’ creative thinking skills on Pancasila values of 0.48 in medium category.

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The android-based learning media development for civic education learning process is very important to develop.This study was purpose determining students' critical thinking skills enchancement using Android (Gejog Lesung) based civic elearning. The method used in this study was a quasi-experimental method, conducting to one-group Pretest-Posttest Group Design. The population Public senior high school Ngaglik 1 in the 2019/2020 Academic Year. The sample in this study was determined by cluster random sampling and focusing on represented a class to be a sample. The research instrument used was a matter of pretest-posttest. Data analysis using t-test. The results of the study showed that (1) Android (Gejog lesung) based-civic elearning was able to improve the critical thinking skills of students on Public senior high school Ngaglik 1 Sleman, Yogyakarta, Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 with values n-gain of 1,34 in the high category. In accor with the data obtained, it can be seen that the android (Gejog lesung) based civic e-learning can have a high or positive influence on improving the critical thinking skills of first class students in Public senior high school Ngaglik 1, Yogyakarta on the material provisions of the Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 in the practice framework of state government.

This study aims to analyze students' information literacy ability enhancement using android (gejog lesung) based e-learning media on the 1945 constitution. The method used in this study was a quasi-experimental method. This research used 35 students as subjects. The test used in this study aims to collect data consisting of pretest and posttest information literacy questions with HOTs criteria for information literacy skills and consisting of ten multiple-choice questions according to high order thinking skills criteria then checked for the Content Validity Index. Data analysis is using a t-test. The result of this study is gejog lesung it is able to improve students’ information literacy ability on the 1945 constitution of 1,4 in the high category.  So, it can be concluded that engaging students’ ability of information literacy on the 1945 constitution toward android (gejog lesung) based e-learning media has a great influence on improving students’ information literacy ability.

Evaluation recognizes that the interaction of culture and local traditions greatly influences the composition of an individual’s cognitive knowledge. Indeed, there is broad agreement that it is desirable to incorporate the cultural knowledge of indigenous students into pedagogical practice. Choosing a new invention of indigenous peoples, e.g. the kora-kora, against measuring the Bloomian critical thinking skills test, i.e. analyzing, evaluating and creating, developed with physics training in terms of wave motion topics, then integrated into android Mobile-Based Testing, this study examines and compares Mobile-Based Testing physics in critical thinking against instinctive, accumulated knowledge of physics. This study describes methods to develop reliable, objective, and valid MBT, measuring students’ critical thinking skills in physics in three steps using empirical data. Specifically, the calculated phase of defining, designing, and developing is devised for local schools. Samples were progressively distributed, through deliberate random sampling, in the medium to the high cognitive bracket and to others within the low to moderate cognitive bracket (in total to 60 students, ages 15–16). The approval of both content and empirical studies represents the index of validity in this depth analysis. Various positive similarities with other formative critical thinking tests show and justify creating an unexpected newly devised test, evidence of which is in the text. The conventional model is discussed along with presenting further work suggestions.