Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) production relies heavily on the use of chemical pesticides, which is undesired by health- and environment-concerned consumers. Environment-friendly methods of controlling tomato diseases include agroecological practices, organic fungicides, and biological control. Plants' resistance against pathogens is induced by applying agents called elicitors to the plants and would lead to disease prevention or reduced severity. We investigated the ability of a novel elicitor extracted from the brown sea algae (Sargassum fusiforme) to elicit induced resistance in tomato. The studied elicitor induced hypersensitive cell death and O2
− production in tomato tissues. It significantly reduced severities of late blight, grey mold, and powdery mildew of tomato. Taken together, our novel elicitor has not shown any direct antifungal activity against the studied pathogens, concluding that it is an elicitor of induced resistance.
*: Evaluation of the daily periodicity of acaricides and inhibition of hatching by spiracle-blocking insecticides for control of two-spotted spider mite (green form
In this study, the occurrence of perilla mosaic disease in Aichi prefecture, Japan, was evaluated by conducting a questionnaire survey among perilla farmers. About 90% of the farmers reported the occurrence of this disease in their crop, while about 30% reported the disease to have affected over 10% of their cultivation facility. The survey results suggested that the risk of disease development was significantly increased when perilla was planted in the field around the cultivation facility. In the local cultivation facility, we performed cultivar control by removing infected perilla planted in the field that had been the source of this disease during the cultivation period in summer 2016. As a result, the rate of this disease decreased compared with that during the cultivation in summer 2015, when no control measures were implemented. In addition, it was revealed that disease in the cultivation facilities was more often reported near the side windows, with higher incidences occurring from July to November. During the cultivation in summer 2017, after removing the source of infection and properly applying pesticide spray from July to November, the rate of the occurrence of perilla mosaic disease decreased further compared with that during the cultivation in summer 2016.
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