In March 2022, following the annual International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) ratification vote on newly proposed taxa, the phylum Negarnaviricota was amended and emended. The phylum was expanded by two new families (bunyaviral Discoviridae and Tulasviridae), 41 new genera, and 98 new species. Three hundred forty-nine species were renamed and/or moved. The accidentally misspelled names of seven species were corrected. This article presents the updated taxonomy of Negarnaviricota as now accepted by the ICTV.
Japanese pear dwarf, caused by the fungi Fomitiporia torreyae or Fulviformes umbrinellus, is one of the most important diseases affecting Japanese pear (Pyrus pyrifolia var. culta). To diagnose this disease, a multiplex loop-mediated isothermal amplification (mLAMP) reaction using primer sets designed from the rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of F. torreyae and F. umbrinellus was developed. The optimal conditions for simultaneous detection of the two pathogens were investigated. The best results were obtained at a reaction temperature of 65°C and a primer ratio of 1:1.5 (F. torreyae: F. umbrinellus). Fluorescently labeled mLAMP amplicons were precipitated using This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This is the author manuscript accepted for publication and has undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process, which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as doi: 10.1111/aab.12325 polyethyleneimine. As a result, multiplex detection was enabled by the fluorescent color of precipitate under ultraviolet light. The detection limit of mLAMP was 100 fg of genomic DNA, which was 10 times more sensitive than the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method.The mLAMP assay was applied to Japanese pear trunk samples from Aichi Prefecture, Japan, and the results were compared with those obtained using PCR. As a result, mLAMP was observed to be effective for the specific detection of F. torreyae or F. umbrinellus.
*: Evaluation of the daily periodicity of acaricides and inhibition of hatching by spiracle-blocking insecticides for control of two-spotted spider mite (green form
We examined the effects against the grape ripe rot (Glomerella cingulata (Stoneman) Spaulding & H. Schrenk (anamorph: Corretotrichum groeosporioides Penzig & Saccardo)), by spraying several fungicides including non-QoI (Quinone outside Inhibitors) fungicides and QoI fungicides. The cultivar of berries used in this experiment were "Kyoho" (Vitis vinifera L. × Vitis labrusca L. cv. Kyohou), and we sprayed fungicides in June to July, when the pathogen scatters most spores. In 2015, 2016 and 2017, we sprayed each fungicides two times to the grape trees, leaves, and fruits at the immature fruits stage and influence on the fruits bloom by the fungicides were researched. And in 2016 and 2017, we measured the number of berries which infected by the grape ripe rot in the mature stage. As a result, in our experiments, the most effective fungicide is azoxystrobin (Amistar 10 flowable; Syngenta Japan, Inc.), followed by pyraclostrobin-boscalid (Naria WDG; BASF Japan, Inc.), captan (Orthocide 80; Arysta Life Science, Inc.), and penthiopyrad (Affet flowable; Mitsui Chemicals Agro, Inc.) in order. Additionally, we also examined the influence of each fungicides to the berries in the mature stage. As a result, the bloom leaching appeared after pyraclostrobin-boscalid sprayed when berries were as large as the size of soybeans. However, 2016 and 2017, bloom leaching did not occur after spraying when berries size were as large as adsuki beans.
We developed a technique to detect Perilla mosaic virus (PMoV), a pathogenic virus causing perilla mosaic disease, using the reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) method. Although PMoV is widely distributed in Japan and is known to be composed two major clades on the basis of nucleotide sequences, all of the isolates tested were readily detected, by mixing two kinds of FIP and BIP primers corresponding to each clade. In addition, PMoV could be detected with an accuracy of 92.3% even with a simple template obtained by piercing symptomatic leaves with a needle. Furthermore, even in places where electric power is not available, PMoV could be detected on site by performing an RT-LAMP reaction using an automobile battery.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.