Having a life-threatening disease like cancer during adolescence poses a number of problems. The purpose of this study was to identify the adolescent's own experience of areas of the life situation affected by the disease and problems related to it. Ten adolescents with varying diagnoses and treatment were interviewed. They also completed a quantitative measurement of problems. The result shows eight domains and 24 subdomains influencing the experience of life situation. Those were disease and treatment (side effects, isolation, medical procedures), identification (others are ill, appearance), feelings and reactions (mood, self-image, meaning, hope), coping (positive thinking, distraction, positive effects), togetherness (family, friends, school), support (family and friends, the youth association, professional support), reactions of the families (parents, siblings), and quality of care (professionalism, information, organization, equipment). The problems mentioned in the interviews are also compared with the quantitative measurement used. The adolescents mentioned 77 problems in the interviews, of which 17 were not on the list of problems. Of those 17, seven dealt with physical problems, and six were problems concerning the quality of care. They ranked wanting and depending on parents as the worst problems for themselves from the list of problems.

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Nurses need to reevaluate the newly diagnosed child's care routines so as to shift focus from the illness to the child. This requires competent nurses, secure in their caring role.

Objective: The aim of this paper was to discuss differences between having a child perspective and taking the child´s perspective based on the problem being investigated Methods: Conceptual paper based on narrative review.Results: The child´s perspective in research concerning children that need additional support are important. The difference between having a child perspective and taking the child"s perspective in conjunction with the need to know children"s opinions has been discussed in the literature. From an ideological perspective the difference between the two perspectives seems self-evident, but the perspectives might be better seen as different ends on a continuum solely from an adult"s view of children to solely the perspective of children themselves.Depending on the research question, the design of the study may benefit from taking either perspective. In this article, we discuss the difference between the perspectives based on the problem being investigated, children"s capacity to express opinions, environmental adaptations and the degree of interpretation needed to understand children"s opinions.

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This qualitative study explores the caring situation of families with an immigrant background within the context of pediatric oncology care from the perspective of health care staff. Five focus group interviews and 5 complementary individual interviews were conducted after purposive and theoretical sampling, respectively. Grounded theory methodology revealed that obstacles to transcultural caring relationships are a main concern of the health care staff. These obstacles are divided into 4 main categories: linguistic, cultural and religious, social, and organizational. When health care staff fail to recognize obstacles to transcultural caring relationships, the result is inequity in care of families with an immigrant background. Equity in care for all does not mean identical treatment but, rather, care adjusted to the needs of the individual family regardless of background.