RESUMOO presente artigo objetivou mapear e descrever os estudos de evidências de validade e precisão de instrumentos para avaliação de ansiedade no contexto das competições esportivas. ABSTRACT -Psychometric studies on anxiety instruments in the sporting context: a systematic review This article aimed to map and describe scientific studies on the evidences of validity of instruments to assess anxiety within the context of sporting competitions. Studies in full text and with no restrictions regarding its year of publication or language were retrieved. Data were collected from ScienceDirect, PubMed, BVS-Psi, Taylor & Francis, APA, SciELO, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science, by using the descriptors [anxiety AND sport AND (validity OR reliability OR measure OR instrument OR scale OR psychometrics)], in English and Portuguese. After applying the exclusion criteria and excluding duplicated studies, 16 articles remained for review. The reviewed studies have mainly used validity evidence based on the instrument's internal consistency, with the application of factor analysis. Of the total studies reviewed, only four gathered evidence of validity based on the instrument's content, while eight studies were based on evidence in relation to other variables. It is necessary to improve the studies regarding the diversity of sources of evidences, and to provide the rationale used for the decision-making process of the procedures and results.
ResumoA pesquisa teve como objetivo geral investigar as relações das representações sociais da beleza física no estabelecimento de relacionamentos amorosos, para modelos fotográficos e não modelos. Trata-se de um estudo com delineamento descritivo e comparativo, com corte transversal e de amostragem intencional. Participaram 120 pessoas, distribuídos de modo equivalente entre homens e mulheres, 60 deles fazendo parte do grupo que atua como modelo fotográfico, e outros 60 com indivíduos que cursam o ensino superior na área de Ciências Exatas ou Tecnológicas. Utilizou-se um questionário online autoadministrado, com perguntas fechadas, sendo submetido a um pré-teste antes da coleta dos dados. Os resultados indicaram que a beleza física tem papel central no estabelecimento de relacionamentos amorosos, sendo considerada o elemento mais importante tanto para o sexo masculino quanto para o grupo de modelos.Palavras-Chave: representações sociais, beleza física, relacionamento amoroso, atração interpessoal, psicologia social AbstractThis research aims to investigate the relations of social representations of physical beauty in establishing romantic relationships of professional photo models and non-models participants. We perform a comparative and descriptive study, based on cross-sectional data obtained by purposive sampling. Out of 120 participants, 60 are men and 60 are women. Moreover, 60 are professional photo models and 60 attend to higher education on Exact or Technological Sciences. We utilized a self-administered online questionnaire with closed questions. Participants had taken a pre-test prior to data collection. Our results indicate that physical beauty has a central role in establishing romantic relationships, being considered as one of the most important elements for both photo models group and men group. IntroduçãoOs relacionamentos amorosos podem ser considerados um tema presente em vários contextos, desde conversas informais do cotidiano até livros, filmes e músicas, uma vez que afetam diversas áreas da vida humana. Enquanto uma das modalidades de relacionamento interpessoal, possuem teorias que têm sido propostas objetivando explicar e conceituar as variáveis que a ela integram (Alferes, 2004;Berscheid & Walster, 1973;Hatfield & Rapson, 1987). De acordo com Alferes (2004) podem ser conceituados como sendo uma das formas de relações interpessoais dotadas de significação especial e se juntam na capacidade de discriminar, de maneira positiva ou negativa,
Research in international contexts affirms that workplace bullying is frequent in collective transportation workers. The aim of this study was to identify the occurrence and to characterize workplace bullying in urban collective transportation workers from a South Brazilian capital. Participants were 382 workers who answered a socio-demographic questionnaire, the Workplace Bullying Scale (ELAM), and questions related to this violence. The results showed a difference between the number of workers identified by ELAM items as targets of bullying and those who recognized themselves in this situation. The ELAM dimension "working conditions," which describes the difficulties the worker faced in the work environment, was the most frequent in the research sample. The direction of the most recognized violence was vertical downward, that is, practiced by the superiors. Also, singles, ticket collectors, and those with the longest working hours presented significantly higher scores on the scale, indicating that they were exposed to bullying more frequently. According to the data, organizations and unions need to strive for preventive actions of this kind of violence, mainly directed at supervisory positions and informative and instrumental actions for workers to recognize the actual situations of workplace bullying.La investigación en contextos internacionales asegura que el acoso
Many studies acknowledge the importance of social–emotional skills1 (SEMS) to function in contemporary society. Understanding these skills and how these develop presents several conceptual and methodological challenges, with emerging consensus on what kind of skills should be fostered in education. Less work, however, has considered SEMS specifically for teachers, despite the fact that they are presumed to be the primary agents to affect SEMS of students. The current article examines different conceptualizations of teacher SEMS and provides a first attempt at defining and structuring this broad conceptual space. We further propose a conceptual teacher SEMS framework that may serve as a basis of an empirical one to guide future educational research and policy-making.
This study aimed to develop and search for content validity evidences of an anxiety measure for athletes. An international literature review on the construct was carried out for the construction of 128 self-report items. The procedures of judge and semantic analysis were made after the elaboration of the instrument. The judges obtained 80.94% agreement and kappa indicated significant substantial agreement. By observing the kappa of each dimension, we conclude that the judges correctly identified the dimension of the items. However, the concordance in relation to the facets did not obtain the same indicators, a result that meets the studies of the three-dimensional model and may suggest the unsustainability of the facets. In the semantic analysis the participants indicated clarity regarding instructions and diagramming, with only three modified items. In general terms, the instrument presented favorable initial evidence of validity, and complementary studies are needed to gather evidence from other sources.
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