Photovoltages of nanoporous TiO2 solar cells sensitized by organic dyes are found to be improved by up to 200mV with a negligible decrease in photocurrent by treating TiO2 electrodes with intercalation of Li. The enhancement in photovoltage is explained in terms of the formation of a dipole layer due to adsorption of Li ions on the TiO2 surface generated by the reaction of intercalated Li atoms with moisture in air.
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