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Digitization has transformed how religion is studied, with religious education shifting from text-based (scriptural) to media-based (virtual). This study seeks to understand how Muslim young adults in Indonesia have responded to the digitization of Islamic education, examining not only trends in digitals religious education, but also their implications for Islamic education. It employs a qualitative descriptive approach, using observation, interviews, and focus group discussions to collect data. It finds that religious education has transformed from face-to-face discussions with religious scholars into mediated online interactions. This has resulted from three factors: the ease and affordability of online religious media, the cost and time efficiency inherent to online media, and the diversity and comprehensiveness of available digital media. This study recommends that future researchers investigate how online media can be used to promote a deeper religious understanding.

This study aims at describing the implementation and the effectiveness of jumbled-sentences as a technique to enhance students� skill in writing report text and finding out the factors influencing students� skill in writing report text. This study was conducted in MAN 2 Yogyakarta that involved 24 tenth graders of IPA 3 in academic year 2018/2019. This study was a classroom action research. To collect the data, observation checklist, structured interview, and tests were used. The result showed that most of students could understand the subject easily and involve actively during the technique implementation. Besides, the test results showed students� mean improvement in writing report text from pre-test (3.00), post-test I (3.36), and post-test II (3.78). It means that jumbled-sentences technique is effective to enhance students� skill in writing report text. Moreover, the factors influencing students� writing skill were having lack of vocabulary, getting anxiety in making grammar errors, getting difficulties in understanding and translating words or sentences, and having limited classroom for learning-teaching process.Keywords: implementation, jumbled-sentences, students� skill, writing, report text.

<p>This article explores the form of compromise between Islam and local tradition (adat) in the religious practices of Muslims in Bugis community in South Sulawesi. Islam is an integral part of Bugis lives and is positioned as the main reference so that it encourages Bugis community members to become more fanatic than others. However, in some cases, it is not uncommon for religious practices that have traditional nuances. In fact, the local tradition is in a position that exceeds the role of religion as reflected in the celebration of Islamic holidays. This condition allows the attraction between religion and local tradition to occur in the practice of everyday life of the Bugis community. The question is at what level do conflicts and compromises occur between local tradition and religion among the Bugis community? To answer this question, an investigation was carried out using qualitative methods that put forward and applying the techniques of participant observation and literature study. The results show that points of compromise were discovered where religion and local tradition complemented each other. The tendency to compromise Islam and local tradition is motivated by not only the low understanding of religion itself but also the desire to maintain the ancestral local traditions that have been practiced for a long time in their community. The compromise of Islam and local tradition in religious practices have resulted in the escape of their respective positions, and it makes the role of religion tends to weaken.</p>

The development of science and technology forces academics to be more creative in the teaching- learning process to achieve a better quality of education. Smule application as a part of science and technology development should be used effectively and creatively as a tool in that process especially in English education field. Therefore, this research aims at describing the students� achievement in pronouncing English song using Smule application and finding out the factors influencing students� achievement in pronouncing English song using Smule application. This research used quantitative data with descriptive statistical approach. The data were collected through English pronunciation test and questionnaire. The English pronunciation test was used to collect the data related to students� English pronunciation achievement and the questionnaire was used to find out the factors influencing students� English pronunciation achievement. The results showed that the mean score of students� achievement in pronouncing English song using Smule application was 3.81 or almost good. It was influenced by the low frequency in practicing pronunciation, the difficulty to balance singing karaoke and music instruments on fast song tempo, and the lack of using Smule application to sing karaoke.Keywords: achievement; English song; pronunciation; smule application; university students.

The closure of mosques policy has become the most controversial issue during COVID-19 prevention in Indonesia. This government policy to prevent the massive transmission of COVID-19 has been considered ignoring some Muslim communities' religious values and religious understanding. This study explores the Indonesian Muslim community's pros and cons perceptions during PPKM (Enforcement of Community Activity Restrictions) implementation. It employs a qualitative descriptive approach to collect data, using observation and interviews to answer the research questions in this study. The literature study was conducted to seek data analysis concepts. This study finds various contradicted forms in understanding Islamic teachings among Muslim society during PPKM Implementation. The controversy occurs due to three factors: textual religious beliefs, habits, and the worship spirit of the Muslim community in the mosque. This condition reinforces the argument of the Muslim community, who often compares mosque closures with other places that have potential transmission of COVID-19. This condition inhibits government efforts in handling the spread of COVID-19 due to the dualism of public religious understanding, which tends to show sustenance and resistance to the implemented policy during the PPKM. Thus, an accommodative and persuasive approach involving the government, religious leaders, and community leaders is needed to handle the spread and transmission of the COVID-19 pandemic effectively.

Epistemology is one of three philosophical dichotomies that rises to two main isms to obtain knowledge: rationalism initiated by Rene Descartes (1596-1650) and empiricism initiated by John Lock (1632-1704). As an empiricist, Locke offers the tabula rasa theory to support his argument. Thus, this study aims to describe radically and comprehensively the concept of John Locke's thought from the perspective of epistemological philosophy. This aim is achieved by describing the background and principal works of John Lock on the philosophy of epistemology, including the main ideas, views, and reasoning of his empiricism through tabula rasa theory. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative in the field of philosophy. Data were collected through a literature study, then analyzed hermeneutically with two methodical elements: verstehen and interpret. First, this research shows that knowledge is principally obtained from sensory experience in which the mind is only passive. Second, the sensory experience is obtained objectively (primary quality) and subjectively (secondary quality). Third, external sensation and internal sensation obtained from sensory experience are built into simple ideas to complex ideas.

<p><span lang="EN-US">Humans, as rational animals, are unique creatures with obligations and responsibilities. As rational animals, humans can process and solve their problems and strengthen the nature and purpose of their lives. This study aims to describe Karl Theodor Jaspers' views about humans from the perspective of philosophy, i.e., the enlightenment of existence and boundary situations. This article is descriptive qualitative philosophical research relays on a literature study. Literature data, primary and secondary, were analyzed using the philosophical hermeneutic method concerning verstehen and interpretation. This study shows that existentialism does not preoccupy the "eternal nature" of human beings because that nature is considered something that does not yet exist. Human "essence" is determined in human "existence." The "essence" is "becoming," which is unique to humans. Human existence can be seen in several theses, including unique and not objectified, "I" as a possible existence depends on its relationship with other existences, and existence has freedom. Second, humans as dasein are always contained in certain situations; as existence, humans are always encountered within the limits of the situation, i.e., fate, death, suffering, and struggle</span></p>