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This study was designed to evaluate the response of hematological and biochemical parameters submitted to pegbovigrastim administration and postchallenge with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In experiment 1, 20 newborn Holstein calves were divided into 2 groups: the Imrestor (Elanco Saúde Animal, São Paulo, Brazil) group (IMR, n = 10), which received a 25 μg/kg of body weight (BW) subcutaneous administration of pegbovigrastim, and the control group (CTR, n = 10), which received a subcutaneous administration of 0.9% saline solution. Blood samples were collected on d 0, 10, 12, and 14 relative to birth to analyze the biochemical and hematological parameters. Moreover, growth measurements were taken on d 0, 7, 14, 21, and 60 relative to birth. The number of total leukocytes in the IMR group increased on d 12 and 14 in comparison to the CTR group, as well as the counts of segmented neutrophils, band cells, and monocytes. No differences were observed in the other hematological, biochemical, and growth parameters. In experiment 2, 20 Holstein calves from 30 to 60 d old were divided into 4 groups: group 1 (LPS, n = 5) received a 0.25 μg/kg of BW single intravenous dose of Escherichia coli LPS at d 0; group 2 (IMR, n = 5) received a 25 μg/kg of BW subcutaneous dose of pegbovigrastim at d 1; group 3 (IMR + LPS, n = 5) received a 0.25 μg/kg of BW intravenous LPS dose at d 0 and a 25 μg/kg of BW subcutaneous dose of pegbovigrastim at d 1; and group 4 (CTR, n = 5) received an intravenous dose of 0.9% sodium chloride at d 0 and a subcutaneous dose of 0.9% sodium chloride at d 1. For the analysis of biochemical and hematological parameters, blood samples were collected on d −1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 14, and 21 relative to LPS administration. An increase in the number of total leukocytes was observed in the IMR, IMR + LPS, and LPS groups, and the IMR group remained as the highest from d 2 to 21. The levels of paraoxonase 1 were higher in the IMR group compared with all the others. The administration of pegbovigrastim in the dairy calves increased the number of circulating leukocytes, especially neutrophils, with an increase in paraoxonase 1, without altering the metabolites for the hepatic function.

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The aim of study was to evaluate whether butafosfan, associated or not with cyanocobalamin, alters the metabolic profile, hemogasometrics and acute phase proteins in recent postpartum dairy cows. Twenty-five cows (n ¼ 25) were selected for study and divided into three groups: Butafosfan (BUT, n ¼ 9); Butafosfan þ Cyanocobalamin (BUTC, n ¼ 9); and Control (CTL, n ¼ 7). Treatments were applied daily from calving until 5 days postpartum. Blood samples for hemogasometry were performed on days 0, 1, 2 and 3, and for other metabolites on days 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 28 postpartum. Blood pH was lower in the BUT and BUTC groups than in the CTL group (p ¼ .03) and carbon dioxide pressure was higher in the BUT and BUTC groups compared to CTL (p ¼ .01). In addition, ionised calcium levels were higher in the BUT and BUTC groups (p ¼ .0003) in comparison to CTL, whereas the BUT group had higher levels. The BUT group had the lowest levels of paraoxonase (p ¼ .03). On the other hand, glucose levels tended to be highest in the BUT group (p ¼ .08). The butafosfan with or without cyanocobalamin increased ionised calcium levels and tended to stabilise blood pH in the early post-partum cows, and butafosfan without cyanocobalamin tended to increase blood glucose levels. HIGHLIGHTS Treated animals increase serum ionised calcium; Treated animals have a reduction in blood pH; Butafosfan tends to increase the glucose concentration.

Butaphosphan is an organic phosphorus compound used in several species for the prevention of rapid catabolic states, however, the mechanism of action remains unclear. This study aimed at determining the effects of butaphosphan on energy metabolism of mice receiving a normal or hypercaloric diet (HCD) and submitted or not to food restriction. Two experiments were conducted: (1) during nine weeks, animals were fed with HCD (n = 28) ad libitum, and at the 10th week, were submitted to food restriction and received butaphosphan (n = 14) or saline injections (n = 14) (twice a day, for seven days) and; (2) during nine weeks, animals were fed with a control diet (n = 14) or HCD (n = 14) ad libitum, and at the 10th week, all animals were submitted to food restriction and received butaphosphan or saline injections (twice a day, for seven days). In food restriction, butaphosphan preserved epididymal white adipose tissue (WAT) mass, increased glucose, NEFA, and the HOMA index. In mice fed HCD and submitted to food restriction, the butaphosphan preserved epididymal WAT mass. Control diet influences on PI3K, GCK, and Irs1 mRNA expression. In conclusion, butaphosphan increased blood glucose and reduced fat mobilization in overweight mice submitted to caloric restriction, and these effects are influenced by diet.

Newborn’s health is directly related to gestational conditions and placental efficiency. The aims of this study were: (1) To evaluate hematological and biochemical parameters of foals born from mares with placentitis at birth and at 24h of age, (2) to verify if placental pathology had any influence on neonatal maturity degree through hematological and biochemical response of those foals. According to placental findings (control and placentitis) and neonatal maturity degree (mature and immature), foals were divided into three groups: (1) Control group (n=22), foals born from mares with placentitis and classified as (2) Mature (n=26), and (3) Immature (n=10). The hematocrit and plasma concentration of fibrinogen, total plasma protein, white blood cells count, lactate, glucose, creatinine, urea, albumin, bilirubin, triglyceride, cholesterol, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatine kinase (CK), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) were measured. Placental features were significantly different between neonatal maturity degree (P=0.001). Mares that had acute placentitis foaled more immature neonates (n=8/10; 80%). Concentrations of fibrinogen (P=0.003), creatinine (P=0.021), total cholesterol (P=0.014), AST (P=0.001), GGT (P=0.002), total (P=0.001) and unconjugated bilirubin (P=0.010) were higher at birth in the Immature group, whereas albumin levels were lower (P=0.002). Foals born from mares with placentitis presented hyperlactatemia at 24h of age (P=0.002). Acute placentitis had an influence on the neonatal maturity, allowing an accelerated but incomplete fetal maturation. The monitoring of lactate, fibrinogen, creatinine, bilirubin, cholesterol, albumin, AST, and GGT levels, associated with clinical, physical, and behavior evaluation may contribute as indicators of neonatal maturity.

1. This study evaluated the effects of diets with partial and total substitution of soya bean oil (SO) with flaxseed (linseed) oil (FO) on broiler chicken performance, carcass traits, meat chemical composition and blood serum metabolites. 2. A total of 448 one-d-old Cobb 500 broiler chicken were used. They were allotted among 4 treatments with 8 replications, using a completely randomised design, for 35 d. Four diets were compared: T1 = 100% SO (3%, 1-7 d; 4%, 8-21 d; and 5%, 22-35 d); T2 = 50% SO + 50% FO; T3 = 25% SO + 75% FO and T4 = 100% FO. 3. No significant differences were observed in body weight (BW), body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and blood serum metabolites (total triglycerides, TRI; total cholesterol, CHO; high-density lipoprotein, HDL; low-density lipoprotein, LDL; glucose, GLU; albumin, ALB; globulin, GLO; and total proteins, TPs). Significant effects were observed for TRI, CHO, HDL, GLU, HDL, LDL, ALB and GLO with regard to the day of collection. 4. Carcass traits did not show significant differences for the treatments. No significant differences were observed for breast and drumstick chemical compositions, with the exception of drumstick fat concentration (quadratic effect). 5. In conclusion, the partial or total substitution of SO with FO did not affect growth performance, carcass traits, meat chemical composition or blood serum profile in broiler chicken. Therefore, FO can be an alternative to SO in the diet formulation for broiler chicken.