The aim of study was to evaluate whether butafosfan, associated or not with cyanocobalamin, alters the metabolic profile, hemogasometrics and acute phase proteins in recent postpartum dairy cows. Twenty-five cows (n ¼ 25) were selected for study and divided into three groups: Butafosfan (BUT, n ¼ 9); Butafosfan þ Cyanocobalamin (BUTC, n ¼ 9); and Control (CTL, n ¼ 7). Treatments were applied daily from calving until 5 days postpartum. Blood samples for hemogasometry were performed on days 0, 1, 2 and 3, and for other metabolites on days 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 28 postpartum. Blood pH was lower in the BUT and BUTC groups than in the CTL group (p ¼ .03) and carbon dioxide pressure was higher in the BUT and BUTC groups compared to CTL (p ¼ .01). In addition, ionised calcium levels were higher in the BUT and BUTC groups (p ¼ .0003) in comparison to CTL, whereas the BUT group had higher levels. The BUT group had the lowest levels of paraoxonase (p ¼ .03). On the other hand, glucose levels tended to be highest in the BUT group (p ¼ .08). The butafosfan with or without cyanocobalamin increased ionised calcium levels and tended to stabilise blood pH in the early post-partum cows, and butafosfan without cyanocobalamin tended to increase blood glucose levels. HIGHLIGHTS Treated animals increase serum ionised calcium; Treated animals have a reduction in blood pH; Butafosfan tends to increase the glucose concentration.
RESUMO Métodos observacionais subjetivos, como escore de locomoção (EL) e escore de condição corporal (ECC), têm sido amplamente utilizados para avaliação populacional de diferentes graus de claudicação e estado nutricional em bovinos. Este estudo objetivou verificar a associação longitudinal entre o escore de condição corporal e o escore de locomoção em vacas da raça Holandesa submetidas a um regime alimentar semiextensivo. O período experimental compreendeu dois anos de observações, em uma propriedade localizada no sul do Rio Grande do Sul. O grupo experimental foi constituído por 900 vacas lactantes, que foram avaliadas trimestralmente por dinâmica ortopédica pelo EL e do estado metabólico pelo ECC. A coleta desses dados foi realizada por três veterinários treinados. A fim de se verificar a correlação entre variáveis, utilizou-se o programa SAS, por meio do método de correlação de Pearson, para determinar a associação entre as variáveis avaliadas (EL e ECC), com nível de significância de 5%. A distribuição dos diferentes escores de locomoção durante o período foi a seguinte: 57,2% dos animais tiveram o escore de locomoção 1, ou seja, estavam saudáveis em relação ao sistema locomotor. O restante dos animais que apresentou algum grau de dificuldade de locomoção distribuiu-se da seguinte forma, segundo a intensidade: 21,6% dos animais apresentaram EL2, 15,5% deles EL3, 3,5% deles EL4 e 2,2% deles EL5. Quanto ao resultado da correlação, observou-se associação negativa (r= -0,57) entre ECC e EL (P= 0,03), com ECC médio de 2,97±0,33 e EL de 1,35±0,24 durante o período experimental. Portanto, há uma correlação negativa entre o escore de condição corporal e o escore de locomoção em vacas da raça Holandesa submetidas ao regime alimentar semiextensivo.
This study aimed to verify the effect of butaphosphan combined with cyanocobalamin (B+C) on dry matter intake (DMI) and milk yield in high producing dairy cows. Eighteen multiparous Holstein cows managed in a compost barn system were enrolled on a calving date and remained under observation until 28 days in milk (DIM). The B+C group administered at 2500 mg of butaphosphan and 1.25 mg of cyanocobalamin (25 mL/cow/day, n = 9), or the control group (NaCl 0.9% administered at 25 mL/cow/day, n = 9,) receiving injections at calving, and at day 3 and 7 post-partum. The DMI, feed efficiency, and DMI/% body weight were evaluated until 21 DIM and the milk yield, rumination, activity, and lying time until 28 DIM. Various metabolites were evaluated at 0, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 DIM. DMI did not change with treatment. Milk yield was more significant in the B+C group than in the control group, with an increase of 3.66 kg/milk/d. The maintenance of DMI and the greater milk yield in the B+C group may suggest that the use of B+C can improve feed efficiency. No treatment effect was observed for concentrations of serum glucose, NEFA, BHB, and acetone, however, albumin was higher in B+C than in control. No effect was observed on milk composition. Our results suggest that B+C improves milk yield and feed efficiency by modulating the DMI.
The objective of was to evaluate whether the provision of an acidogenic diet in late gestation influences the metabolism of cows with experimentally induced subclinical hypocalcemia. Nine multiparous Holstein cows were divided into 3 groups according to the duration of supply of the acidogenic diet: G0 = without acidogenic diet; G9 = nine days and G15 = fifteen days. All animals underwent an experimental induction of subclinical hypocalcemia for 6 hours, performed after the last day of feeding with the diet. Urine samples were collected weekly to evaluate the effectiveness of the diet and blood samples were collected performed one day (-1) and immediately (0) before the induction, every hour until 6 h after the induction and at the end of 72 hours for the evaluation of metabolic parameters. During INDUCTION, G15 had the lowest concentration of CaT, globulins, TP, HCO¬¬ 3, pCO2, K and the highest concentration of creatinine (P < 0.05); G9 and G15 had the lowest concentration of iCa and higher concentration of Mg (P <0.05). In the POST-INDUCTION period, G15 again had the lowest concentration of globulins, TP, HCO¬- 3 and lowest serum pH, in addition to having the highest concentration of creatinine, glucose, and Na (P <0.05). G9 and G15 had the lowest CaT and K concentration and the highest Mg (P < 0.05) in that period. Provision of 15 days of an acidogenic diet to cows with induced hypocalcemia modulated other parameters besides calcium, demonstrated may not be suitable for animals.
RESUMOA hipótese do presente estudo consiste em que uma dieta aniônica prolongada acarretaria uma mobilização mais rápida do cálcio sanguíneo. O objetivo proposto foi avaliar parâmetros clínicos, hematológicos e bioquímicos de novilhas, com hipocalcemia subclínica, submetidas a diferentes períodos de fornecimento de dieta aniônica no pré-parto. Foram utilizadas nove novilhas da raça Holandês induzidas à hipocalcemia subclínica no pré-parto, divididas em três grupos: G0 = sem dieta aniônica antes da indução; G11 = 11 dias de dieta aniônica pré-indução; e G15 = 15 dias de dieta aniônica pré-indução. Foi realizado exame clínico antes e depois da indução, e avaliaram-se cálcio total e ionizado, magnésio e albumina nos dias -2, 0, 1, 2 e 3 (dia 0 = momento da indução) e parâmetros hematológicos nos dias 0, 1, 2 e 3. O G11 apresentou maiores concentrações de cálcio total e ionizado que o G0 e maiores níveis de cálcio total que o G15 (P<0,01). O magnésio teve maiores valores no G15 quando comparado aos outros grupos (P<0,01). O G0 apresentou os maiores valores de monócitos e neutrófilos bastonetes (P<0,01). A dieta aniônica por 11 dias é suficiente para manter a homeostase do cálcio e a resposta leucocitária em novilhas desafiadas a uma diminuição do cálcio sanguíneo.Palavras-chave: dieta pré-parto, cálcio, nulíparas, células de defesa ABSTRACT This study's hypothesis is that cows receiving anionic diet for a longer period respond more quickly to decreased blood calcium. The aim was to evaluate the heifers' clinical, hematological, and biochemical parameters, with subclinical hypocalcemia, subjected to different periods of anionic diet supply during antepartum. Nine heifers were induced to subclinical hypocalcemia during antepartum, sorted in 3 groups: G0 = no anionic diet before induction; G11= eleven days of anionic diet before induction; and G15 = fifteen days of anionic diet before induction. Examinations were held before and after induction and total and ionized calcium, magnesium and albumin were evaluated from days -2, 0, 1, 2 and 3, day 0 being the moment of induction; hematologic parameters were evaluated at days 0, 1, 2 and 3. G11 presented a higher total and ionized calcium concentration than G0 and higher total calcium concentration than G15 (P < 0.01). Magnesium had its highest values at G15 when compared to the other two groups (P < 0.01). G0 presented its highest values of monocytes and neutrophils rods (P < 0.01). The eleven days of anionic diet supply were enough to maintain calcium homeostasis and leukocyte response in heifers challenged to reduction in blood calcium.
O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito da suplementação de um produto composto de cultura de levedura e levedura enzimaticamente hidrolisada na incidência de diarreia e no desenvolvimento corporal de bezerras leiteiras submetidas à diferentes sistemas de alojamento. Foram usadas cento e dezenove bezerras mantidas em dois sistemas de alojamento e divididas aleatoriamente em dois grupos: grupo levedura (n = 62, 36 ao ar livre e 26 no curral) e grupo controle (n = 57, 30 ao ar livre e 27 no curral). O grupo levedura foi tratado com 8 ml de cultura de levedura / animal, que foi administrada oralmente uma vez por dia durante 42 dias. As medidas zootécnicas foram analisadas e a incidência de diarreia infecciosa foi monitorada, também foram realizadas coletas de sangue e fezes. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância por medidas repetidas do Software SAS, Tukey’s HSD e Teste Qui quadrado, sendo considerado diferença estatística (p≤0,05). Os animais do grupo controle criados ao ar livre apresentaram maior incidência de diarreia (80,00%) quando comparado aos animais do grupo tratamento (55,55%) (p=0,03). O período de maior incidência de diarreia (96,92%) foi nos primeiros 15 dias de vida (p
This study aimed to evaluate hemogasometric and metabolic indicators in the first postpartum hours of dairy cows that received different cation-anion diets in the prepartum period. Holstein cows (n=14), multiparous, were divided into two groups: (1) acidogenic diet (DA -27.13 mEq/100 g of DM) (n=7) and (2) neutral diet (DN -3.25 mEq/100 g of DM) (n=7), provided from 30 days before the expected calving. Urine samples were collected every three days from the beginning of supplementation until the day of delivery for pH verification. Blood samples were collected at 0, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60 and 72 h postpartum for hemogasometric and biochemical analyses. The animals that received DA presented lower urinary pH. The serum concentration of total calcium, ionized calcium and the incidence of subclinical hypocalcemia did not differ between groups. Animals that received DA presented reduction in blood levels of total plasma proteins, globulins, bicarbonate and blood pH, in addition to increased activity of paraoxone-1 and reduction in the concentration of haptoglobin from animals of DN. In conclusion, we can infer that, anionic diets can alter blood pH, interfere with protein synthesis, and probably improve antioxidant capacity.
The effect of pST on the testicular characteristics and metabolic parameters of prepubertal pigs was evaluated. Experiment 1 aimed to determine the interval between applications of pST based on the concentrations of circulating IGF-I. Experiment 2 aimed to evaluate the effect of pST on metabolic parameters, testicular characteristics, and expression of GHR, IGF-I and PCNA. In Experiment 1 twelve piglets with 30 days of age were used. The pST Group (n = 6) was submitted to one i.m. injection of pST and the Control Group (n = 6) to one placebo injection. Blood collections were performed until day 7 post pST application to determine IGF-I concentration and metabolic profile. In Experiment 2 twelve piglets with 22 days of age were used. The pST Group was submitted to pST injections every three days, and the Control Group received placebo doses during 30 days. Blood collections were performed every 3 days. Samples of liver and testicular tissue were collected to determine gene expression and testicular characteristics. In Experiment 1 IGF-I concentration was higher for the pST Group (P = 0.02). In Experiment 2 the pST Group had higher body and testicular weight (P=0.06) and increased gene expression of PCNA in testes (P < 0.05). However, a reduction in the number of seminiferous tubules, and Sertoli cells, and in GHR expression (P < 0.05) was observed. Thus, pST administration increased body and testis development in prepubertal pigs, however it reduced the density of seminiferous tubules and Sertoli cells. Keywords:Swine. Growth hormone. IGF-I. Testicle. ResumoFoi investigado o efeito da pST sobre características testiculares e metabolismo de suínos pré-púberes. O Experimento 1 determinou o intervalo entre aplicações de pST, baseado nas concentrações de IGF-I. O Experimento 2 avaliou o efeito da pST sobre o metabolismo, características testiculares e expressão gênica de GHR, IGF-I e PCNA. No Experimento 1, foram usados 12 leitões com 30 dias de idade. O grupo pST (n = 6) foi submetido a uma injeção IM de pST e o grupo Controle (n = 6) a uma injeção de placebo. Coletas de sangue foram realizadas até o dia sete após a aplicação de pST para determinação dos níveis de IGF-I e parâmetros metabólicos. No Experimento 2, foram usados 12 leitões com 22 dias de idade. O grupo pST foi submetido às aplicações de pST a cada 3 dias, e o grupo Controle, às doses de placebo, durante 30 dias. Coletas de sangue foram realizadas a cada três dias. Amostras de fígado e testículo foram coletadas para determinar a expressão gênica e características testiculares. No Experimento 1, a concentração de IGF-I foi maior no grupo pST (P = 0,02). No Experimento 2, o grupo pST teve maior peso corporal e testicular (P = 0,06) e aumento na expressão de PCNA no testículo (P < 0,05). Contudo, foi observada uma redução no número de túbulos seminíferos, células de Sertoli e GHR (P < 0,05). Assim, a administração de pST aumentou o desenvolvimento testicular e corporal de suínos pré-púberes, porém reduziu a densidade de túbulos seminíferos e célula...
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