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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSEEfficacy of restorative cognitive rehabilitation can be predicted from baseline patient factors. In addition, patient profiles of functional connectivity are associated with cognitive reserve and moderate the structure‐cognition relationship in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). Such interactions may help predict which PwMS will benefit most from cognitive rehabilitation. Our objective was to determine whether patient response to restorative cognitive rehabilitation is predictable from baseline structural network disruption and whether this relationship is moderated by functional connectivity.METHODSFor this single‐arm repeated measures study, we recruited 25 PwMS for a 12‐week program. Following magnetic resonance imaging, participants were tested using the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) pre‐ and postrehabilitation. Baseline patterns of structural and functional connectivity were characterized relative to healthy controls.RESULTSLower white matter tract disruption in a network of region‐pairs centered on the precuneus and posterior cingulate (default‐mode network regions) predicted greater postrehabilitation SDMT improvement (P = .048). This relationship was moderated by profiles of functional connectivity within the network (R2 = .385, P = .017, Interaction β = –.415).CONCLUSIONPatient response to restorative cognitive rehabilitation is predictable from the interaction between structural network disruption and functional connectivity in the default‐mode network. This effect may be related to cognitive reserve.

The present study investigated incarceration as a possible triggering factor of self-concept transformations. Self-concept consists of a set of multiple dimensions organized hierarchically functioning as cognitive schemas. It is a structural complex product of reflective activity, and it is susceptible to changes as the individual encounters new situations, life transitions, and social roles. To investigate the transformations in the self-concept structure, 150 incarcerated women responded to the Feminine Inventory of the Self-Concept's Gender Schemas, Self-Concept Clarity Scale and Situational Self-Awareness Scale. The results showed dynamic and multidimensional organization of self-concept in the women investigated, including various categories of the self. The elements analyzed indicate that prison, an undesirable life event in adulthood, is a driver of transformations in the dynamics of self-concept.

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