A castanha de caju é um dos produtos de maior expressão socioeconômica para o território brasileiro, principalmente no semiárido brasileiro. O presente trabalho objetivou analisar os efeitos da aplicação de água residuária da castanha de caju na vazão de distintos modelos de gotejadores. O experimento foi realizado na Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA), sendo montado no esquema de parcelas subdivididas, tendo nas parcelas os modelos de gotejadores (G1, G2 e G3) e nas subparcelas os tempos de operação (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140 e 160 h), com o Delineamento Inteiramente Casualizado em três repetições. A unidade de aplicação localizada foi composta por nove linhas laterais de 8,0 m, sendo três para cada modelo de gotejador. Essa unidade foi submetida a pressão de serviço de 70 kPa. A cada 20 h de operação da unidade de aplicação foi realizada a medição da vazão de sete gotejadores por linha lateral, durante as 160 h de operação. Paralelamente, amostras da água residuária foram coletadas para caracterização do pH, ferro total, manganês total, sólidos suspensos, sólidos dissolvidos, cálcio, magnésio e população bacteriana. Os resultados indicaram que a formação de biofilme, resultante da interação entre os agentes físicos, químicos e biológicos propiciaram o entupimento parcial dos gotejadores e, consequentemente, redução na vazão dos gotejados das unidades de irrigação; e o gotejador G1 foi mais suscetível ao entupimento do que os gotejadores G2 e G3 devido ao maior comprimento do labirinto e menor vazão.

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ABSTRACT:The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of Tifton 85 grass cultivated in soil columns and fertilized with different wastewater doses of swine slaughterhouse. The experiment was conducted in the Environmental Engineering Center and Sanitary of UFLA/MG in PVC columns filled with Dark Red Latosol (Oxisol) and randomly distributed. The treatments applied with nitrogen based load (300 kg ha de N years -1 ) consisted of four doses of SW and AQT0 control at random. Three cuts were performed, at 60, 90 and 120 days after planting. The highest yields were 10.06, 16.82 and 20.39 t ha -1 in AQT0, AAT4 and AAT3 treatments, respectively. With the increase of nutrients by N rates and root development of Tifton 85 grass, we observed higher extractions of N, P and K in the second and third cut, with maximum extraction of 384 and 10.3 kg ha -1 of N and P in the higher dose treatments (AAT4), while the maximum extraction of the potassium was 117.7 kg ha -1 in the AAT3 treatment. There was productivity restriction in the third cut due to the reduction of availability of essential nutrients and losses by leaching.

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The environmental pollution coming from dairies industries are the most hazardous of the economy sector due to the great amount of garbage produced. This work aimed it evaluating the dairies effluent on the morphometric, productive, bromatological, and nutritional effects of the thornless cactus. One trial was carried out it the Water Reuse Experimental Station during the period from April to December 2015. The experiment was carried out in randomized blocks design, with five treatments and five replications, totaling 25 experimental units. The treatments were irrigation with water of well (T1), irrigation with 10% of annual dose plus water of well (T2), irrigation with 20% of annual dose plus water of well (T3), irrigation with 30% of annual dose plus water of well (T4), and irrigation with 40% of annual dose plus water of well (T5). The growth parameteres determinations parameteres (production and quality) of thornless cactus were achieved at 240 days after planting. The highest productivity (28.2 Mg ha-1) was achieved with the treatment T4. The nitrogen concentrations were significative to thornless cactus, whereas the treatment T4 increased mostly the Nitrogen content in the plants. Then, the T4 treatment predominated, since it enhanced the crop productivity about crude protein and Nitrogen contents.

ABSTRACT:The aim of this study was to evaluate the soil chemical properties submitted to fertigation with slaughterhouse (SW) and dairies (DW) wastewater. The experiment was conducted in the Environmental Engineering Center and Sanitary of UFLA/MG in PVC columns filled with Dark Red Latosol (Oxisol) and randomly distributed. The treatments applied with nitrogen based load (300 kg ha years -1 of N) consisted of four doses of SW and DW (100, 200, 300 and 400% of the recommendation) and AQT0 control at random. The soil was collected at a depth of 0.30 m and, subsequently, characterized in terms of physical, chemical and physicochemical. The application of treatment of the largest irrigation of DW provided, after 120 days of monitoring, N concentration of 1.85 g kg -1 . However, the treatment with AQT0 obtained N concentration of 0.81 g kg -1 , in the soil. We observed that the largest irrigation of SW provided increases of 2.62 and 5.49 g kg -1 , respectively, in the P and K concentrations of the soil. There was quadratic increase in the N concentration in the 0.30 m soil depth of the columns with the increase in the applied irrigations of SW and DW, being obtained maximum values of 1.85 and 1.02 g kg -1 that were obtained in the relative irrigation of the application dose of 600 kg ha -1 of N.

ABSTRACT:The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of the percolate in soil columns cultivated with Tiffon-grass 85 under different wastewater rates from swine slaughterhouse and dairy. The experiment was conducted at the Department of Engineering at the Federal University of Lavras, in PVC columns with 0.30 m of diameter and 1.2 m deep, filled with Dark Red Latosol cultivated with Tifton-grass 85. The treatments consisted of a (AQT0) control with recommended chemical fertilization for Tifton-grass 85 (300 kg ha -1 year -1 of N), and four doses of SSW and DPW (100, 200, 300 and 400% of the recommendation) in a CRD with 3 replications. The samples of percolated were collected and characterized weekly. The treatments of highest dosage have obtained COD, after 120 days, of 47.7 mg L -1 (AAT3) and 38.6 mg L -1 (AAT4). Although nitrate concentrations were elevated on the earlier months, the greater assimilation of nutrients by the Tifton-grass 85 and the reduction of the mineralization of organic material resulted in lower nitrate concentrations of 10 mg L -1 .