ABSTRACT:The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of Tifton 85 grass cultivated in soil columns and fertilized with different wastewater doses of swine slaughterhouse. The experiment was conducted in the Environmental Engineering Center and Sanitary of UFLA/MG in PVC columns filled with Dark Red Latosol (Oxisol) and randomly distributed. The treatments applied with nitrogen based load (300 kg ha de N years -1 ) consisted of four doses of SW and AQT0 control at random. Three cuts were performed, at 60, 90 and 120 days after planting. The highest yields were 10.06, 16.82 and 20.39 t ha -1 in AQT0, AAT4 and AAT3 treatments, respectively. With the increase of nutrients by N rates and root development of Tifton 85 grass, we observed higher extractions of N, P and K in the second and third cut, with maximum extraction of 384 and 10.3 kg ha -1 of N and P in the higher dose treatments (AAT4), while the maximum extraction of the potassium was 117.7 kg ha -1 in the AAT3 treatment. There was productivity restriction in the third cut due to the reduction of availability of essential nutrients and losses by leaching.

Resumo: Durante o processo de potabilização da água são gerados resíduos (lodo) que, na maioria das estações de tratamento, não são tratados e são devolvidos diretamente ao manancial, impactando-o negativamente. O presente trabalho apresenta os resultados de parâmetros físico-químico-biológicos obtidos para o lodo gerado na estação de tratamento de água do Serviço Autônomo de Água e Esgoto de Formiga -MG, a fim de quantificar seu potencial poluidor. Os resultados obtidos foram confrontados com os padrões estabelecidos na Resolução n° 430/2011 do Conselho Nacional de Meio Ambiente para lançamento de efluentes em corpos receptores. O lodo da estação de tratamento de água de Formiga -MG, em ambos os períodos analisados, não atendeu à legislação, sendo indevido seu descarte direto em corpos d'água. Entretanto, as concentrações de cádmio, cálcio, chumbo, cobre, cromo, fósforo, magnésio, matéria orgânica, mercúrio, níquel, sódio e zinco no lodo não sofreram alterações dentro do intervalo de tempo analisado nesse estudo. Palavras-chave:Resíduos. Metais pesados. Padrões de lançamento. CHARACTERIZATION OF SLUDGE GENERATED AT A WATER TREATMENT STATIONAbstract: In the water purification process, waste (sludge) is generated and, in most treatment plants, this sludge isn't treated, being returned directly to the river, negatively impacting it. This study aimed at determining physical, chemical and biological parameters of the sludge generated at the water treatment station of the Water and Sewage Autonomous Service of the city of Formiga, Minas Gerais, Brazil, to quantify its polluting potential. Results were compared to standards established by National Environment Council, in Resolution No. 430/2011, for effluents discharge at rivers. The sludge from studied water treatment station, in both periods analyzed, didn't comply with the legislation. However, sludge's concentrations of cadmium, calcium, lead, copper, chromium, phosphorus, magnesium, organic matter, mercury, nickel, sodium and zinc didn't change within time interval analyzed in this study.

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ABSTRACT:The aim of this study was to evaluate the soil chemical properties submitted to fertigation with slaughterhouse (SW) and dairies (DW) wastewater. The experiment was conducted in the Environmental Engineering Center and Sanitary of UFLA/MG in PVC columns filled with Dark Red Latosol (Oxisol) and randomly distributed. The treatments applied with nitrogen based load (300 kg ha years -1 of N) consisted of four doses of SW and DW (100, 200, 300 and 400% of the recommendation) and AQT0 control at random. The soil was collected at a depth of 0.30 m and, subsequently, characterized in terms of physical, chemical and physicochemical. The application of treatment of the largest irrigation of DW provided, after 120 days of monitoring, N concentration of 1.85 g kg -1 . However, the treatment with AQT0 obtained N concentration of 0.81 g kg -1 , in the soil. We observed that the largest irrigation of SW provided increases of 2.62 and 5.49 g kg -1 , respectively, in the P and K concentrations of the soil. There was quadratic increase in the N concentration in the 0.30 m soil depth of the columns with the increase in the applied irrigations of SW and DW, being obtained maximum values of 1.85 and 1.02 g kg -1 that were obtained in the relative irrigation of the application dose of 600 kg ha -1 of N.

ABSTRACT:The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of the percolate in soil columns cultivated with Tiffon-grass 85 under different wastewater rates from swine slaughterhouse and dairy. The experiment was conducted at the Department of Engineering at the Federal University of Lavras, in PVC columns with 0.30 m of diameter and 1.2 m deep, filled with Dark Red Latosol cultivated with Tifton-grass 85. The treatments consisted of a (AQT0) control with recommended chemical fertilization for Tifton-grass 85 (300 kg ha -1 year -1 of N), and four doses of SSW and DPW (100, 200, 300 and 400% of the recommendation) in a CRD with 3 replications. The samples of percolated were collected and characterized weekly. The treatments of highest dosage have obtained COD, after 120 days, of 47.7 mg L -1 (AAT3) and 38.6 mg L -1 (AAT4). Although nitrate concentrations were elevated on the earlier months, the greater assimilation of nutrients by the Tifton-grass 85 and the reduction of the mineralization of organic material resulted in lower nitrate concentrations of 10 mg L -1 .

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Resumo: Durante o processo de tratamento da água são gerados resíduos dentre eles o lodo, que, na maioria das estações, não são tratados e são devolvidos diretamente ao manancial, impactando-o negativamente. O trabalho apresenta a utilização de um leito de secagem convencional como tratamento preliminar para os resíduos gerados no decantador da ETA de Formiga-MG, no intuito de reduzir o impacto causado pelo seu lançamento direto nos corpos receptores. Para tanto, a pesquisa se constituiu nas seguintes etapas: i) qualificar os períodos (seco e chuvoso) nos atributos da água bruta e na geração de lodo; ii) construção de um leito de secagem convencional; iii) coleta, caracterização do lodo, e monitoramento do processo de desidratação do lodo; iv) caracterização físico-químico biológica do percolado gerado no processo de desidratação do lodo junto aos valores máximos permitidos pela Resolução CONAMA 430/2011. Os resultados da caracterização do lodo bruto indicaram que o mesmo não se enquadra nas normas de lançamentos de efluentes. O leito de secagem mostrou-se ser um excelente mecanismo de desidratação do lodo, deixando o mesmo, em ambos os períodos da pesquisa, em condições apropriadas para transporte do mesmo. Já as análises do percolado gerado no processo de desidratação indicaram que o alumínio residual da dosagem de sulfato de alumínio, ficou retido no leito de secagem, sendo que os demais parâmetros, como ferro, turbidez, cor, DBO e sólidos totais, foram reduzidos significativamente, ficando dentro dos parâmetros permitidos pela Resolução CONAMA nº 430/2011. Em uma simples desidratação do lodo têm excelentes resultados.